摘要
钨合金由于具有高熔点、高强度、低蒸汽压、低溅射腐蚀速度、良好的热稳定性、及高强度和高延展性等优良的综合性能,广泛应用国防、航空航天、冶金、电子、机械等众多领域,但同时钨合金也存在再结晶温度低、脆-韧转变温度(DBTT)高以及高温强度低等问题。而稀土元素作为金属的维生素,以其独特的性质,添加在合金当中,能有效的细化晶粒、净化晶界,使材料各方面性能有很大程度的提升。所以通过加入稀土元素改善钨合金性能,使其能够符合相关的指标与需求,成为国内外研究热点之一。主要介绍了稀土元素在钨合金W-Cu合金、W-Ni-Fe(Cu)合金、其他合金(W-TiC合金、W电极)中所导致的性能改变及相关的作用机制,同时也指出了稀土元素改善钨合金性能过程中存在的一些问题及未来的发展趋势。
Because of its high melting point, high strength, low vapor pressure, low sputter etching rate, good thermal stability and high strength ductility and excellent comprehensive properties, tungsten alloys were widely used in national defense, aerospace, metal- lurgy, electronics and other fields. However, tungsten alloys also existed a variety of problems, such as low recrystallized temperature, high ductile-brittle transition temperature (DBTF) and low temperature strength. Moreover, as the vitamin for metal, the rare earth el- ements with their unique properties could refine grain, effectively purify grain boundaries, and make the material improve to a great ex- tent. Therefore, adding rare earth elements into tungsten alloys for improving mechanical properties of tungsten alloys became one of the hottest researches. This review introduced the function and the mechanism of the rare earth elements in tungsten alloys (W-Cu alloys, W-Ni-Fe (Cu) alloy, W-TiC alloy and the tungsten in the electrode) and came up with some problems on it and also pointed out how it developed in future.
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第6期993-1003,共11页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
国家科技部国际热核聚变实验堆(ITER)计划专项(2010GB109004)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2012HGQC0032)
国家大学生创新项目(201210359013)资助
关键词
稀土
钨合金
作用机制
rare earths
tungsten alloys
mechanism of action
作者简介
罗来马(1980-),江西奉新人,博士,副教授;研究方向:难熔金属制备及应用
通讯联系人(E-mail:ycwu@hfut.edu.cn)