摘要
目的研究骨科医院感染的病原菌及耐药性,并分析控制医院感染的对策。方法选取2009-2012年医院感染患者258例,选取不同部位的标本进行分离培养,并对分离出的病原菌进行耐药性分析。结果 258例医院感染患者不同部位的标本,共分离培养出病原菌277株,其标本分布脓液、分泌物和血液,分别占29.96%、27.44%和13.36%;其中革兰阳性菌142株占51.26%,主要为金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌和溶血葡萄球菌,分别占23.83%、15.88%和11.55%;革兰阴性菌123株占44.40%,主要为大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌,分别占23.47%、13.00%、7.94%;主要革兰阳性菌对乙酰唑胺、利奈唑胺和替考拉宁的耐药率较低,均<7.00%;主要革兰阴性菌对帕尼培南和亚胺培南的耐药率较低,均<5.00%。结论骨科医院感染的病原菌耐药率较高,临床应加强对骨科医院感染的预防,若感染发生,首先应分离培养出病原菌,并对病原菌的耐药性进行分析,选择耐药率低的抗菌药物进行及时治疗。
OBJECTIVE To study the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing nosocomial infections in the department of orthopedics and put forward prevention countermeasures for the control of nosocomial infections. METHODS A total of 258 cases of patients with nosocomial infections, who were treated in the hospital from 2009 to 2012, were enrolled in the study＇, then the specimens obtained from various infection sites were cultured , and the drug resistance of the isolated pathogens was analyzed. RESULTS A total of 277 strains of pathogens were isolated from the specimens obtained from the 258 patients with nosocomial infections, among which 29.96% were isolated from the pus, 27.44~ from the secretions, and 13.36% from the blood; of the pathogens isolated, there were 142 （51.26%） strains of gram-positive bacteria, among which the Staphylo- coccus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus haemolyticus were the predominant specimens, accounting for 23.83%,15.88~ ,and 11.55% ,respectively; there were 123 （44.40%） strains of gram negative bacteria , among which the Escherichia coli, Pseudomonasaeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumonia were dominant, accounting for 23.47%, 13. 00~, and 7. 94% respectively. The drug resistance rates of the mare gram-positive bacteria to acetazolamide, linezolid and teicoplanin were less than 7.00 %： the drug isolated from the patient~ with nosocomiat^h~ci：ions in orthopedics are highly drug resistafit, it is necessary for the hospital to strengthen the prevgntmn of nosocomial infections in the orthopaedics department; once the infections occur, the pathogens should be firstly isolated, then the drug resistance of the isolated pathogers isanalyzed, and the susieptible antibiotics should be chosen for the timely treatment.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第20期5082-5084,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
骨科
医院感染
病原菌
耐药性
Orthopedics depertraent Nosoeomial infection
Pathogenic bacteria
Drug resistance
