摘要
目的了解住院患者医院感染现状及其影响因素,为提高医院感染管理水平和降低医院感染发生率提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性调查及医师报告相结合的方法,统一填写"医院感染病例报告卡"。结果 2009-2011年共监测住院患者26 790例,发生医院感染780例、1042例次,感染率2.91%、例次感染率3.89%;感染率最高的科室为ICU;医院感染高发部位为呼吸道感染,占54.12%;医院感染中病原菌检出847株,以革兰阴性菌为主占51.48%,其次为革兰阳性球菌、真菌,分别占30.58%、17.95%,前3位病原菌依次为铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌,分别占18.54%、14.76%、11.57%;在780例医院感染病例中,送检374例,送检率为47.95%;革兰阴性菌中大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南100.0%敏感,对常用抗菌药物均产生了较严重的耐药性;革兰阳性菌除对万古霉素、替考拉宁较敏感外,对其他抗菌药物均产生了较严重的耐药性。结论加强医院感染管理,针对各种相关因素采取相应预防控制措施,可减少医院感染的发生。
OBJECTIVE To understand the present status of nosocomial infections and its influencing factors so as to provide scientific bases for raising the level of infection control and reducing the incidence nosocomial infections. METHODS By means of retrospective survey combined with the review of doctor＇s report, the uniform nosocomial infection case report cards were filled out. RESULTS Of totally 26 790 cases of hospitalized patients under the monitoring during 2009-2011, the nosocomial infections occurred in 780 cases （1042 case-times） with the infection rate of 2.91% （the case-time infection rate of 3.89%） ; the highest infection rate was in ICU; the patients with respiratory tract infections accounted for 54.12 %. Totally 847 strains of pathogens were isolated, among which the gram-negative bacteria accounted for 51.48%, the gram-positive cocci 30. 58%, and the fungi 17.95%; the Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumonia e ranked the top three species of pathogens, accounting for 18.54%, 14.76%, and 11.57%, respectively. Of totally 780 cases of patients with nosocomial infections, 374 cases were submitted with the submission rate of 47. 95%. Among the gram-negative bacteria, E. coli was 100.0% susceptible to imipenem and was highly resistant to the commonly used antibiotics; the gram-positive bacteria were highly resistant to all the antibiotics except for vancomycin and teicoplanin. CONCLUSION To strengthen the control of nosocomial infections and take corresponding prevention and control measures according to the related factors can reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第18期4368-4370,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
莆田市科技计划项目(2011S12)
关键词
住院患者
医院感染
监测
Hospitalized patient
Nosocomial infection
Monitoring
作者简介
通讯作者：刘玉光，E-mail：1141401436@qq．com
