摘要
目的调查精神专科医院护士遭受患者或家属暴力行为的发生率及其危险因素。方法参照国际研究问卷内容,征询专家意见后自制调查问卷,对137名精神科护士进行为期1年的随访,记录随访期间发生的躯体伤害、言语漫骂、威胁恐吓或聚众闹事、性骚扰等暴力行为,采用人年计算方法表示暴力行为总发生率及不同类型的暴力行为发生率,采用泊松回归方法计算不同类型暴力行为发生的危险因素,采用粗比值比及校正比值比来表示暴力行为发生的危险程度。结果随访1年中,暴力行为发生1123次,总发生率为8.36/人年。其中躯体暴力行为发生率为2.07/人年,言语漫骂发生率为5.06/人年,威胁恐吓或聚众闹事发生率为1.15/人年,性骚扰发生率为0.07/人年。泊松回归显示,男性护士、护龄短、对暴力行为的预期焦虑水平偏低;男性患者、发病年龄较早、病程短、既往对家属存在暴力行为;男性家属、年龄<45岁及高中以下文化是多数类型暴力行为发生的危险因素。结论精神科护士遭遇暴力攻击行为发生率较高,护理管理部门应重视对护士进行预防暴力行为技巧的培训,根据暴力行为发生的危险因素制订相应的预防性继续教育培训方案,有助于提高暴力行为防范技巧,减少护士遭受暴力攻击行为,维护护士身心健康。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of workplace violence against nurses in psychiatric hospitals. Methods Totally 137 psychiatric nurses were investigated and followed up for a year. The events of physical violence （PV）, verbal abuse （VA）, bullying/mobbing （BM）, sexual harassment （SH） were recorded. The risk factors of workplace violence were analyzed by Poisson regression analysis. Results A total of 1123 cases of violence behaviors were reported within a year, the total prevalence of violence was 8.36 times per nurse per year. The prevalence of physical violence, verbal abuse,bullying or mobbing,sexual harassment was 2.07,5.06,1.15,0.07 times per nurse per year,respectively. Poisson regression analysis showed that the nurses characterized by young age, male, shorter duration of employment, and lower level of anticipative anxiety, the patients characterized by male, early onset, short disease duration and violence behavior history, the family members characterized by male, aged less than 45 years, lower education level were the risk factors of violence. Conclusions The prevalence of workplace violence against psychiatric nurses is relatively high. Nursing administrators should provide violence prevention training program according to the risk factors to reduce workplace violence against nurses and promote the physical and mental health of nurses.
出处
《中华护理杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第9期815-818,共4页
Chinese Journal of Nursing
关键词
医院
精神病
护士
暴力
危险因素
Hospitals,Psychiatric
Nurses
Violence
Risk Factors
作者简介
耿淑霞：女，本科，副主任护师，护士长，E-mail：gengshuxia8395@sina．com
