摘要
目的了解我国西部农村地区抗生素的使用情况及其影响因素,为实现该地区抗生素的合理使用提供理论依据。方法资料来源于2005年的横断面研究,调查地区为西部10省的40个县。采用"县-乡-村"三阶段抽样,从每个县随机抽取5个乡,再从每个乡随机抽取4个村,从每个村的村卫生室依次抽取2005年5月31日前的30张处方。并设计《村卫生室现场观察表》,搜集村卫生室和村医的相关资料。抗生素使用率影响因素分析借助于MLwiN软件拟合两水平logistic回归模型完成。结果影响抗生素使用率的主要因素有村卫生室现有的药物种数、村卫生室现有的抗生素种数、政府是否给予固定的补助、村医是否参加《乡村医生从业管理条例》的培训与考核、处方中的药物种数、是否在该次治疗中使用注射剂、患者的年龄以及患者的性别。结论中国西部40县农村抗生素的使用频率高。政府对村医给予适当的补助以及村医参加相关的培训和考核对于改善农村地区抗生素滥用的现状具有积极的意义。
Objective The aim of this study is to explore factors that affected antibiotic prescribing in rural areas of w estern China.Methods This study was conducted in 40 counties of Western China.We used a 3-stage sampling method to select the data collection sites.We randomly selected 5 tow nships from each county and then randomly selected 4 villages from each tow nship.The last 30 prescriptions for outpatients up to May 31st 2005 at each selected village health clinic w ere collected.Village doctors w ere interview ed using a structured questionnaire to determine the information about village doctors and clinics.To take into account the possible correlation among patients in the same villages,w e used the multilevel logistic regression models to identify the independent predictors of antibiotic prescribing.Results The main predictors of antibiotic prescribing in village health clinics were number of drug items and number of antibiotic items in village clinics,subsidy for doctors from government,village doctor receiving professional training and assessment,number of drug items prescribed,injection prescribing,patient's age and gender.Conclusion The situation of antibiotic prescribing of village doctors was not optimistic.Village doctors receiving subsidy from government and receiving professional training and assessment were positive significance for improving the status of rural area.
出处
《中国卫生统计》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期508-509,513,共3页
Chinese Journal of Health Statistics
关键词
合理用药
抗生素
处方
Rational use of drugs
Antibiotic
Prescription
