摘要
试验在利用PA/PE五层共挤尼龙膜单面密封粮堆,双层槽管和PVC薄膜密闭门窗的基础上,研发了使用移动式膜分离制氮机进行双向环流充氮气调储粮新工艺,即首先采用下充强排,其后是上充鼓膜,最后进行粮面无回流管道的上行式环流充氮,使粮堆内氮气浓度快速达到99.6%,用时79 h,耗电1 180 kWh。而后在95%氮气浓度下保持粮堆密闭40 d以上,使粮堆内的储粮害虫全部死亡,取得很好的杀虫效果好。研究结果表明,利用膜分离制氮机实施的双向环流充氮新工艺明显缩短了粮仓充氮降氧时间,能耗大幅度降低,粮堆内氮气浓度达到99.6%的电耗成本仅为0.51元/t粮,低于磷化铝常规熏蒸费用;实施粮面无回流管道的环流充氮,不仅节省了回流管道的设施投资,还使粮堆内氮气浓度分布更加均匀;粮面薄膜鼓起的高浓度氮气气囊,使得粮仓内的氮气浓度下降衰减缓慢。综合结果表明双向环流充氮气调储粮新工艺具有实际推广价值。
The new grain storage technology of bidirectional circulation with nitrogen was developed by u- sing a mobile membrane separation nitrogen generator （MSNG）based on that grain mass surface sealed with PA/PE film and the doors and windows sealed with double groove tube and PVC film. The new meth- od was to fill nitrogen within lower part of the grain mass in order to exhaust the air, then to fill nitrogen on the top of grain mass to plump up the film, at last to circulate nitrogen filling with MSNG. The nitrogen concentration in the grain mass soon reached to 99.6% for 79 h,and consumed power I 180 kWh. All the pests in the sealed grain mass with nitrogen concentration 95% for more than 40 days were killed. Very good control effect of killing pests was achieved. The test results showed that the new technique greatly shortened the nitrogen - filled time, and reduced the energy consumption. It costed only 0.51 yuan/ton grain to fill nitrogen in the grain mass with the concentration 99.6% ,which was less than the cost of alu- minium phosphide fumigation. It not only needn＇t the circulation tubes on the grain mass surface, so saved the cost, but also distributed the nitrogen more uniformly within the grain mass. Moreover the high con- centration nitrogen above the surface of grain mass helped to slow down the attenuation of the nitrogenconcentration. The new technique had a good value for application in grain storage.
出处
《粮油食品科技》
北大核心
2013年第4期107-110,共4页
Science and Technology of Cereals,Oils and Foods
关键词
氮气
气调储粮
双向环流
膜分离制氮机
nitrogen
controlled atmosphere grain storage
bidirectional circulation
membrane separationnitrogen generator
作者简介
侯少杰，1980年出生，男，河南驻马店人，工程师．
