摘要
通过对4株石油降解真菌的生长速率及其对液体培养基中的原油和土壤中污油的降解情况进行测定,分析了不同菌株对石油烃的降解特性。结果表明,J12(Fusarium sp.)菌株在液体和固体培养基中的生长速率最大。在原油液体培养基培养30d后,色谱-质谱检测表明:J12菌株对C16～C31的直链烃具有较强的降解能力;J3(Bionectria sp.)和J4(Stachybotrys sp.)菌株能够完全降解原油中的芳香烃和支链烃,并且J4菌株还可以完全降解C33的直链烃,但是新增了C14的直链烃和一种C16H22O4;J11(Fusarium sp.)菌株可以完全降解C10的芳香烃,但是产生了两种C16H22O4。从原油降解后的组分及土壤中污油的组分检测结果推断,C7和C10芳香烃可能是石油烃降解的中间产物;J12菌株对原油和污油30d的降解率都最高,分别为64.25%和30.58%;除了J3菌株外,其他3个菌株对土壤中的污油降解率都低于原油的降解率。通过对菌株的生长速率及降解率比较发现,试验中石油的降解率与菌株的生长速率没有必然联系,主要与菌株的降解特性及石油的组分含量有关。
To analyze the degradation properties of four oil-degradation fungi, the mycelial growth rates on the solid medium, the dry mycelial weights from the liquid medium and the degradation rates of the crude oil in the liquid medium and the oil in the soil were determined. The mycelial growth rate and the dry mycelial weight of J12（Fusarium sp.） were the largest. After 30 d cultivation in the liquid medium with the crude oil, the results by GC-MS showed that J12 could mainly degrade linear hydrocarbons C16~C31. Compared with the crude oil, two aromatic hydrocarbons C10 appeared in the degradation products of J12 and the media without any inoculation. J3（Bionectria sp.） and J4（Stachybotrys sp.） could completely degrade aromatic hydrocarbons and branched hydrocarbons of the crude oil. J4 could completely degrade linear hydrocarbon C33, C16H22O4 and linear hydrocarbon C14 were detected in its oil-degradation products. J11（Fusarium sp.） could completely degrade aromatic hydrocarbons C10, linear hydrocarbons C16 and C26. Two C16H22O4 were detected in its degradation products. Combined with the components analysis of the oil in the soil, aromatic hydrocarbons C7 and C10 may be the intermediate products of the oil degradation. The oil degradation rates of J12 in the liquid medium and the soil were the highest. They were 64.25% and 30.58%, respectively. The oil degradation rates in liquid medium were higher than those in the soil except J3 after 30 d degradation. The correlation analysis showed that the oil degradation rate related to fungal species and the components of the oil, not relevant with the growth characteristics of the fungi.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第7期1361-1367,共7页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
国家林业局"948"项目(2008-4-34)
黑龙江省科技攻关计划项目(GB07B306)
关键词
石油降解真菌
组分分析
生长特性
降解特性
石油降解率
oil-degradation fungi
components analysis
growth characteristics
degradation properties
oil degradation rate
作者简介
贾洪柏（1978-），男，辽宁辽阳人，在读博士。E—mail：laocha03107@126．com
通信作者：王秋玉E-mail：wqyll@sina．com
