摘要
低碳经济社会中,物流活动需重视碳排放的控制,科学设计出支持低碳理念的物流优化网络对有效降低能源消耗具有重要意义。本文采用网络均衡理论为研究方法,首先构造一个以物流交易量为网络流、包含"生产商、分销商和零售商"的典型三层物流运作网络,再基于此结构在各层物流决策者之间构造一个以碳排放强度为网络流的虚拟碳排放网络,用这两个网络间的相互关联反映物流交易和碳排放之间的内在逻辑关系;接着,对这两个相互作用的网络结构进行定量建模,把经济与环境间的协调转化成由这两个相互影响网络所构成的网络均衡问题,分析各层决策者综合考虑碳排放量最低的利润优化行为,并将优化问题转化成等价的变分不等式形式;最后,设计仿真算例进行数值求解和仿真分析,通过讨论不同参数下低碳物流网络的优化决策过程,得到结论:合理征收碳税是一种值得推崇的、有效的碳减排手段;物流网络中运输距离和运输频率的优化均会对降低碳排放产生积极影响。
Currently, it is necessary to pay attention to the control of carbon emissions under the low-carbon economy. In order to effectively reduce energy consumption, there is a great significance of designing a logistics optimization network guided by low-carbon concept. From network equilibrium perspective, this paper firstly constructs a logistics transaction network and a virtual carbon emission network, composed of manufacturers, distributors and retailers, where the network flows are the amount of logistics transactions and the carbon emission intensity respectively. It intends to present the interaction between carbon emissions and logistics operations under low-carbon economy through the mutual relationship of these two networks. Further, by means of quantitative analysis on the interactive three-tiered network, the coordination between the economy and the environment is converted into the network equilibrium problem. The profit optimization behaviors of various decision-makers are formalized by taking carbon emission minimization into account, and then are transformed into the equivalent variational inequality forms for computational solution. Finally, numerical simulation is also conducted. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis is presented to describe the optimal decision-making process of low-carbon logistics network with different values of related parameters. The results indicate that reasonable carbon tax rate is an encouraging and effective way to reduce carbon emissions. Also the logistics transportation distance and the logistics transportation frequency have a positive impact on the reduction of carbon emissions.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第7期77-83,共7页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"基于超网络的灾害下城市群应急资源调配优化研究"(编号:71101073)
南京信息工程大学气候变化与公共政策研究院开放课题"跨区域性气象灾害应急管理机制研究"(编号:12QHB011)
南京信息工程大学教学建设与改革提升工程项目"基于绿色物流的零空载技术研究"(编号:201210300006)
南京信息工程大学资助管理与创业教育研究基金项目"创业视角下的大学生勤工助学功能及其引导策略研究"(编号:cyzd12002)
江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目
关键词
低碳物流
网络均衡
碳排放
碳税
变分不等式
low-carbon logistics
network equilibrium
carbon emission
carbon tax
variational inequality
作者简介
朱莉，博士，讲师，主要研究方向为物流管理、网络均衡优化。
