摘要
在实验室条件下,考察了农村常见的3大类10种有机固体废弃物水解产酸特性及其作为秸秆两相厌氧发酵水解相混合原料的可行性,对原料水解过程中水解液的pH值,COD,挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs)组成及含量进行了分析。结果表明,不同原料水解产酸特性存在较大差异,但也有一定的共性,在实验用10种废弃物中,除白菜残体外,其他9种废弃物水解液中VFAs组成均为乙酸占绝对多数,白菜残体、鸡粪和包菜帮水解液中丙酸含量较高,西兰花秆和西瓜皮中异丁酸含量较高,其他原料水解液中丙酸、丁酸和戊酸含量均较低甚至未检出;在实验用10种原料中,厨余垃圾水解产酸的效果最好,水解液pH值最低达3.64,COD最高达65992 mg·L-1,且VFAs中以乙酸为主,不会对后续产甲烷产生抑制,最适合作为秸秆两相厌氧发酵水解相的混合原料。从各物料水解产酸特性看,这10种废弃物均可作为厌氧发酵产沼气的原料,但厨余垃圾、包菜帮和西兰花秆厌氧发酵产沼气时需提防酸抑制影响产气的问题。
Characteristics of hydrolysis and acidification of 10 kinds of organic solid wastes were investigated. The pH val- ues, COD, contents of volatile fatty acids （VFAs） of hydrolysate were analyzed. The results showed that the different or- ganic waste had the different characteristics of hydrolysis and acidification, but there still exist some thing in common. In addition to cabbage residues, the VFAs were mainly composed of acetic acid in the hydrolysate of other 9 kind of solid waste. The propionic acid content was relatively higher in the hydrolysate of cabbage residues, chicken manure and the out- er leaves of brassicaoleracea; the content of iso-butyric acid were high in hydrolysate of broccoli residue and watermelon pericarp; and propionic acid, butyric acid and pentanoic acid were little or not detected in the hydrolysate of other waste materials. Kitchen waste was the best in producing hydrolyzed acid, whose hydrolysate pH was as low as 3.64, and COD as high as 65992 mg ~ L-＇, and the acetic acid was the dominant, which would not inhibit subsequent methanogenic process, and so most suitable as additives for hydrolysis phase of straw two-phase anaerobic fermentation. Comparing the different a- cidification characteristics of different materials, all tested 10 kinds of waste could be used as raw materials for biogas pro- duction, but acid suppression affecting gas production should be bewared of for kitchen waste, the outer leaves of brassica- oleracea and broccoli residues.
出处
《中国沼气》
北大核心
2013年第3期12-17,共6页
China Biogas
基金
国家水体污染与治理重大专项(2012ZX07101-004)
江苏省自主创新项目(CX(12)1002)
关键词
农业废物
水解产酸
厌氧消化
蔬菜废物
畜禽粪便
organic solid wastes
hydrolysis and acidification
anaerobic digestion
vegetable waste
animal manure
作者简介
赵学强（1988-），男，山东泰安人，主要研究方向为固体废弃物资源化，E-mail：feifei2007xueqiang@163．com
通信作者：常志州，E—mail：czhizhou@hotmail．com
