摘要
目的观察血液透析患者医院感染发生的危险因素,关注其护理干预要点,以期为临床工作提供理论依据。方法观察医院血液透析的患者共530例,分析其危险因素和临床护理特征。结果共有122例患者发生医院感染,感染率为23.02%,发生医院感染率年龄>40岁为31.44%,高于≤40岁的16.61%,女性为44.06%,高于男性的20.56%,住院时间>30d为29.25%,高于≤30d的18.87%,留置尿管时间≥3d为33.05%,高于<3d的15.15%,留置中心静脉导管时间≥3d为27.56%,高于<3d的18.84%,使用抗菌药物≥7d为27.24%,高于<7d的17.92%,患有糖尿病为32.51%,高于无糖尿病的17.13%,感染前使用激素为29.15%,高于未使用激素的19.34%,经统计分析,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);进一步证明,医院感染的发生率与性别、年龄、住院时间、留置尿管时间、留置中心静脉导管时间、抗菌药物的使用、是否伴有糖尿病、感染前使用激素密切相关(P<0.05)。结论血液透析患者应重点加强风险监测,同时进行有效的护理干预,对减少血液透析医院感染的发生有重要价值。
OBJECTIVE To observe the risk factors and nursing interventions for nosocomial infections in hemodialysis patients so as to provide theoretical basis for clinical work. METHODS A total of 530 cases of hemodialysis patients were observed, the risk factors and the characteristics of clinical nursing interventions were analyzed. RESULTS The nosocomial infections occurred in totally 122 patients with the infection rate of 23.02%. The inci- dence of nosocomial infections in the patients aged more than 40 years old was 31.44% , higher than 16.61% of the patients aged less than 40 years old ; the incidence of the female patients was 44.06% , higher than 20.56% of the male patients ; the incidence of the patients with hospitalization duration more than 30 days was 29.25%, higher than 18.87% of the patients with hospitalization duration less than 30 days ; the incidence of the patients with the catheter indwelling time more than three days was 33.05% , higher than 15.15% of the patients with the time less than three days ; the incidence of the patients with the central venous catheter indwelling time more than three days was 27.56% ,higher than 18.84% of the patients with the time less than three days ; the incidence of the patients with the use of antibiotics more than 7 days was 27.24% , higher than 17.92% of the patients with the time less than 7 days; the incidence of the patients with diabetes was 32.51% , higher than 17.13% of the pa-tients without diabetes ; the incidence of the patients who used hormones was 29.15% , higher than 19.34% of the patients who did not use hormones ; the statistical analysis showed that the difference was statistically signifi-cant（P〈0.05）. The incidence rate of nosocomial infections was closely correlated with the sex, age, hospitaliza-tion duration , indwelling urinary catheter time , indwelling central venous catheter time, use of antibiotics, diabetes, and use of hormones before being infected （ P〈0. 05）. CONCLUSION It is necessary to focus on strengthening the risk monitoring and carry out the effective nursing interventions so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections in the hemodialysis patients.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第11期2593-2595,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
血液透析
医院感染
手术
护理干预
危险因素
Hemodialysis
Nosocomial infection
Operation
Nursing intervention
Risk factor
