摘要
目前国企改革正处于停滞不前的困惑期,我们有必要从理论上进一步探析国企改革的一些重要问题。文章结合国企改革30年实践阐述了国企改革的目标、标准与本质问题。文章分析了改革30余年国企改革前后出现过的两个目标:一是让国企成为"自主经营、自负盈亏、自我发展、自我约束"的经济实体的目标违背国企本质特征;二是建立现代企业制度在逻辑上的问题。国企改革标准大体有三种:效益标准、产权标准、程序标准;这三种标准都不能用来判断国企改革的好坏与对错;相反,可能将改革引入歧途。国有企业的本质,应该是政府调控经济与社会的工具。当前国企开始逐步扩张,重新呈现出垄断市场之势的"再国有化"浪潮。文章在"国进民退"探源的基础上,分析了"国进民退"现象的历史轨迹和原因,辨析了"国进民退"争论中的代表性观点,认为"再国有化"的根源是缺乏对国企性质与国企功能的正确认识。国企改革与发展要进一步遵循市场经济原则,不能无边界的发展,不能成为市场经济的主角。
As to the reform of state-owned enterprises, its target, standard and essence have been discussed in this paper, on the basis of its 30 years＇ practice. The two targets of the reform have been analyzed： firstly, the first target, which was to turn the state- owned enterprise into a economic entity characterized by ＂independent management, self-financing, self-development, self-discipline＂, has violated the nature of the state- owned enterprises; secondly, the foundation of the modern enterprise system has logic problems. There are three standards for the reform of state-owned enterprises： benefit standard, property standard, program standard, all of which can not be used to judge the success or failure of the reform, instead, it may lead the reform into a wrong road. The essence of the state-owned enterprise is the tool of the central government to regu： late and control the economy and the society. Nowadays the state-owned enterprise is gradually expanding itself, and reproduces a re-nationalization trend trying to monopoly the market. On the basis of discussing the root of the idea＂guojinmintui＂, this paper an- alyzes the historical development track of ＂guojinmintui＇!, the causes, and all the repre- sentative opinions on ＂guojinmintui＂. It is showed that, the re-nationalization is be- lieved to be due to the lack of correct understanding of ~state-owned enterprises＇ nature and functions. The reform and development of state-owned enterprises should further follow the principle of the market economy, and state-owned enterprises can not be the main role of the market economy any more.
出处
《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第1期23-37,共15页
Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences
关键词
国企改革
国进民退
国企本质
再国有化
Key words ： the state-owned enterprise reform
guojinmintui（ 国进民退）
the essence ofthe state-owned enterprise
re-nationalization
