摘要
在直播密度为10万株/hm2的甘蓝型油菜华双5号田间定期取样,测定各器官钙、镁、硫的含量,同时计算养分积累量,研究大田直播冬油菜三元素吸收和分配的时空特征。结果表明,油菜活体的钙、镁含量在苗期最高,其后随植株的生长逐渐下降,活体硫含量先增加后降低,在蕾薹期达最大值。根、茎的钙含量随植株生长缓慢降低;镁含量在0～100d(苗期)大幅下降,100～150d(苗后期至蕾薹期)较稳定,150d(蕾薹期)后缓慢下降;硫含量先升高后降低,根和茎的硫含量均在蕾薹期达最大值。绿叶、落叶的钙含量在出苗至花期较稳定,花期后迅速增加;镁含量在花期前缓慢下降,花期后快速增加;硫含量在苗期较稳定,蕾薹期后迅速增加。油菜三元素的总积累量均在角果期达到最大值,分别为247.0、35.8和138.8kg/hm2,而后均有不同程度的下降。根、茎、绿叶的各中量元素积累量均呈先升后降的变化,各养分在根、茎、绿叶中积累达最大值的时期分别为花期、角果期、蕾薹期,三元素规律一致。落叶钙、镁、硫的积累量在收获时达最大值,分别为107.4、9.7、28.0kg/hm2。钙、镁、硫各元素苗期主要分配在绿叶中,成熟期则分别主要分配在落叶、籽粒、角壳中。
This study measured the amounts of calcium（Ca）,magnesium（Mg） and sulfur（S） in rapeseed（Brassica napus L.cv Huashuang 5） organs during growth,aiming to identify the temporal and spatial absorption characteristics of the three elements under direct-seeding cropping system with density of one-hundred thousand plants per hectare.Contents measurements showed that plant Ca and Mg were the highest at seedling stage followed by a decreasing trend in the later periods,while S content increased to the top at budding stage,and then decreased gradually.In roots and stems,Ca reduced gradually over the whole period,whereas Mg decreased significantly during 0d to 100d（after germination,e.g.seedling stage）,and kept relatively stable from 100d to 150d,and decreased slowly after budding（after 150d）.S content increased to the top at budding stage,and then decreased gradually.In green leaves and defoliation,Ca content was stable during the seedling and flowering periods,then rising to the top value;Mg content increased slowly to the flowering period;S content changed slowly in seedling but increased after budding.Accumulative patterns of the 3 elements were similar and reached to the top（as 247.0,35.8 and 138.8kg/hm2 respectively） in pods.In root,stem and green leaves,the accumulative patterns of the three elements decreased after an initial increase.The top values of the elements in defoliation were detected in the harvest stage,reaching 107.4,9.7,and 28.0kg/hm2 respectively.The results concluded that the three elements were mainly distributed in green leaves in seedlings,and in defoliation,seeds and shells at mature parts respectively.
出处
《中国油料作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期638-644,共7页
Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences
基金
"十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2008BADA4B08
2010BAD01B05)
教育部新世纪人才项目(NCET-07-0345)
油菜产业技术体系建设(CRAS-13)
关键词
直播
冬油菜
钙
镁
硫
养分吸收和积累
Direct-seeding
Winter rapeseed（Brassica napus L.）
Calcium
Magnesium
Sulfur
Nutrient absorption and accumulation
作者简介
刘晓伟（1986-），男，内蒙古赤峰人，硕士，研究方向为作物营养与现代施肥技术，E—mail：liu—xiaowei@webmail．hzau．edu．cn
通讯作者：鲁剑巍，教授，博士，E-mail：lujianwei@mail．hzau．edu．cn
