摘要
目的:分析智力低下儿童智力测试结果及病因,为智力低下儿童的诊治提供依据。方法:2010年1月～2011年12月期间对1 332例儿童进行智力测试,其中4～6岁儿童采用中国修订的韦氏学龄前儿童智力量表(C-WYCSI)进行智商测定,7～17岁儿童采取韦氏学龄儿童智力量表(C-WISC)进行智商测定。结果:①确定为智力低下儿童404例,检出率为30.33%。其中轻度智力低下患儿155例(38.37%),中度智力低下患儿119例(29.46%),重度智力低下患儿76例(18.81%),极重度智力低下患儿54例(13.37%)。4～6岁238例,7～17岁166例。男性215例,女性189例。学龄前智力低下儿童与学龄儿童智力低下各级别分布构成、不同性别智力低下儿童智力各级别分布构成之间均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。②智力低下病因明确者288例(71.29%),病因不明者116例(28.71%);病因明确的智力低下患儿,导致智力低下的病因主要为先天性智力发育迟缓(17.08%)、染色体异常(10.64%)、脑积水(6.93%)为前三位原因。结论:4～17岁智力低下儿童以轻度智力低下为主,导致智力低下的病因较多,但以先天性智力发育迟缓、染色体异常及脑积水为最常见原因。
Objective：To analyze the results of intelligence test and causes in children with mental retardation,and provide a basis for diagnosis and treatment.Methods：Intelligence test was performed among 1 332 children from January 2010 to December 2011,Chinese revised Wechsler intelligence scale of preschool children（C-WYCSI） was used to test intelligence quotient of 4-6-year-old children and Wechsler intelligence scale school-age children（C-WISC） was used to test intelligence quotient of 7-17-year-old children.Results：Four hundred and four children were diagnosed as mental retardation,the detection rate was 30.33%,including 155 children with mild mental retardation（38.37%）,119 children with moderate mental retardation（29.46%）,76 children with severe mental retardation（18.81%）,and 54 children with extremely severe mental retardation（13.37%）.Among 404 children,238 children were 4-6 years old and 166 children were 7-17 years old;215 children were boys and 189 children were girls.There was no statistically significant difference in distribution and proportion of various grades of mild mental retardation between preschool children and school children,as well as between boys and girls（P0.05）.Among 404 children with mental retardation,288 children（71.29%） had definite causes,and 116 children（28.71%） had indefinite causes;among the children with definite causes of mental retardation,the main causes of mental retardation were congenital developmental delay（17.08%）,chromosomal abnormality（10.64%）,and hydrocephalus（6.93%）,ranking the top three causes.Conclusion：The main type was mild mental retardation in 4-17-year-old children with mental retardation,and the causes are a lot,but congenital developmental delay,chromosomal abnormality,and hydrocephalus are the most common causes.
出处
《中国妇幼保健》
CAS
北大核心
2012年第36期5939-5941,共3页
Maternal and Child Health Care of China
关键词
智力低下
儿童
病因
Mental retardation
Children
Cause
