摘要
目的了解2005-2010年铜绿假单胞菌的标本分布及耐药性变迁,以提高临床治疗疗效,预防耐药菌株产生。方法采用VITEK-60全自动微生物分析仪对菌株鉴定及药敏检测,药敏结果使用WHONET软件进行分析。结果临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌在痰中检出率最高,为40.6%,其次是创面/脓液,占31.8%;对氨苄西林、头孢唑林、呋喃妥因、磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶和氨苄西林/舒巴坦的耐药率均>95.0%,对头孢曲松耐药率从80.5%上升至91.8%,对环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星的耐药率稳定在<6.0%,而哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、亚胺培南、氨曲南、妥布霉素、庆大霉素在2005-2008年均稳定在低水平耐药。结论铜绿假单胞菌对环丙沙星及左氧氟沙星耐药率低且稳定,可作为治疗由铜绿假单胞菌引起感染的首选药物,氨苄西林、头孢唑林、呋喃妥因、磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶和氨苄西林/舒巴坦不宜治疗由铜绿假单胞菌引起感染,细菌耐药率不断上升,实验室和临床应加强联系与合作,医师应根据培养结果和药理学特点合理使用抗菌药物,以提高疗效并预防和减少耐药菌株产生。
OBJECTIVE To understand the distribution of the clinical specimens of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and change of the drug resistance from 2005 to 2010 so as to imprcve the clinicat curatiue effect and prevent the emergence of resistant strains. METHODS By means of VITEK 60 automated microbial analyzer, the identification and the susceptibility testing of the isolates were performed, the result of the drug susceptibility testing was analyzed with WHONET software. RESULTS The detection rate of P. aeruginosa was the highest in the sputum （40.6%）, followed by wound/pus （31.8%）; the drug resistance rates to ampicillin, cefazolin, nitrofurantoin, cotrimoxazole and ampicillin/sulbactam were over 95.0 %, the drug resistance rate to ceftriaxone rose from 80.5% to 91.8%, the resistance rates to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin stabilized at below 6.0%, and the drug resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftazidime, maxipime, imipenem, aztreonam, tobramycin, and stabilized at a low level during the period of 2005--2008. CONCLUSION The resistance rates of P. aeruginosa to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin are low and stable, those antibiotics can be chosen as the preferred treatment of P. aeruginosa infection; ampicillin, cefazolin, nitrofurantoin, cotrimoxazole and ampicillin/sulbactam are not suitable for the treatment of P. aeruginosa infection, the bacterial resistance is increasingly serious, it is necessary for the laboratory and clinical department to strengthen their contacts and collaboration, the clinicians should reasonably use antibiotics on the basis of the culture result and the pharmacological characteristics so as to improve the efficacy and prevent and reduce the resistant strains.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第23期5393-5395,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
铜绿假单胞菌
抗菌药物
耐药性
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Antibiotics
Drug resistance
