摘要
金属锂逐渐在人们生活的各个领域扮演越来越重要的作用并占有战略地位,从液态锂源如海水、盐湖卤水中提取锂资源具有十分重要的意义,研究者对液态提锂的方法和工艺也进行了积极的探索研究.尖晶石锰氧化物由于其特殊的结构而对Li离子具有高度选择性,被称为"离子筛"吸附剂.离子筛吸附法以其绿色而高效的优势,引起了众多学者的关注,成为最有发展潜力的液态提锂方法之一.本文以尖晶石锰氧化物为代表,综述了锂离子筛的研究进展,对其结构、锂嵌入/脱出机理、制备方法、掺杂改性、成型及应用进行了详细的阐述,提出了锂离子筛目前存在的问题与技术瓶颈,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望.
Metallic lithium plays an important role in the national economy and national defense construction.With the growing demand and exhausted lithium mineral resources,it is of great significance to extract lithium from abundant liquid lithium resources such as seawater and brines.Active exploration of lithium extraction methods and technologies have been carried out.Spinel-type manganese oxide has attracted much attention because of its remarkably high selectivity for lithium ions in the aqueous phase,and it is called ion-sieve adsorbent.Being environmentally friendly and efficient,the ion-sieve adsorption method is regarded as the most promising one for extracting lithium from seawater and brines.In this review,the structure of LiMn2O4 is presented,and the development of lithium-ion insertion/extraction mechanisms is introduced as well.The synthesis method and modification of the ion-sieve precursor are also summarized in details.Moreover,the granule/membrane formation and application of lithium ion-sieves are discussed.Finally,the existing problems and the prospects of the lithium ion-sieve are put forward.
出处
《无机材料学报》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第10期1009-1016,共8页
Journal of Inorganic Materials
基金
国家重点973计划项目(2009CB220106)
北京理工大学优秀青年教师资助计划(2011CX04052)
北京理工大学基础研究基金(20101042009)~~
关键词
提锂
锰氧化物
离子筛
吸附剂
海水
盐湖卤水
综述
lithium extraction
manganese oxide
ion-sieve
adsorbent
seawater
brine
review
作者简介
李丽（1977-），女，博士．E—mail：lily863@bit．edu．cn
通讯作者：吴锋，教授．E-mail：wufeng863@bit．edu．cn；
陈人杰，教授．E-mail：chenrj@bit．edu．cn
