摘要
目的探讨呼吸内科重症监护病房(RICU)医院感染的危险因素及护理干预措施。方法对医院2010年11月-2011年11月RICU收治的695例患者中医院感染患者进行回顾性分析。结果 695例患者中,192例发生医院感染,感染率为27.6%,108例患者≥60岁,占56.25%,70例患者的基础疾病为恶性肿瘤晚期,占36.46%,43例患者为呼吸衰竭,占22.40%;感染部位主要为下呼吸道、泌尿道及胃肠道,分别占51.04%、20.31%及13.54%;分离病原菌的前3位为铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌及酵母样真菌,分别占26.56%、11.98%及10.42%。结论 RICU医院感染发生率较高,与患者年龄、病情危重程度相关;尽早加强RICU管理、积极控制病情、严格进行无菌操作、抗菌药物的合理应用、认真遵守无菌原则,切断感染途径,提高患者机体抵抗力,是防止耐药菌产生、控制和降低医院感染的有效护理干预措施。
OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors for nosocomial infections in respiratory intensive care unit（RICU） and nursing interventions.METHODS A total of 695 patients who were enrolled in RICU from Nov 2010 to Nov 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS Nosocomial infections occurred in 192 of 695 patients with the infection rate of 27.6%,there were 108（56.25%） patients aged more than 60 years old,70（36.46%） patients with advanced malignant tumors and 43（22.40%） patients with respiratory failure;lower respiratory tract,urinary tract,and gastrointestinal tract were the main infection sites,accounting for 51.04%,20.31%,and 13.54%,respectively;Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida were the top 3 species of pathogens,accounting for 26.56%,11.98%,and 10.42%,respectively.CONCLUSION The incidence of nosocomial infections is high in RICU,which is correlated with the age and the severity of the disease;to intensify the ICU management,actively control the condition,implement the aseptic operation strictly,reasonably use antibiotics,carefully conform to the sterile principle,cut off the transmission route,and improve the patients′ immunity are the effective nursing interventions to prevent drug resistance bacteria as well as control and reduce nosocomial infections.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第20期4464-4466,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
作者简介
通讯作者：王国权，E—mail：W99947071@163．com
