摘要
进行了克拉玛依石油污染土壤生物模拟修复实验,考察了最佳启动条件,分析了在生物修复过程中土壤理化性质、微生物学特性、石油烃组分的变化。结果表明,影响生物修复效果的主要因子为菌剂的投加量、水分含量以及鸡粪投加量;最佳启动条件为每1kg污染土壤菌剂投加量200mL、水分含量15%、鸡粪投加量120g、麦糠投加量50g、表面活性剂30mL,经75d修复后石油烃的降解率达到了56.31%;生物修复的不同阶段土壤理化性质和微生物学特性有较大变化,修复过程土壤脲酶、脱氢酶活性降低,过氧化氢酶活性升高。石油烃四组分分离和模拟蒸馏实验表明,微生物对石油烃中四组分的降解能力大小依次为饱和分、芳香分、胶质和沥青质;在生物修复过程中,微生物优先降解低碳数的正构烷烃,经过70d的降解,C12～C14含量低于检测限;正构烷烃色谱峰型发生较大变化,由左右对称变为"左缓右陡";异构烷烃相对含量增加,色谱基线被明显抬高。
The optimal launch conditions were investigated by study on the bio-remediation of oil contaminated soil of Karamay oilfield,and the changes of soil physicochemical properties,microbiological characteristics,oil components were also studied during the soil bioremediation.The results showed that the main factors of bioremediation were the bacteria dosage,moisture content and manure dosage.The optimal launch conditions were as follows： microbial dosage per 1 kg oil polluted soil of 200 mL,moisture content of 15%,chicken manure of 20 g,wheat bran of 50 g and surfactant of 30 mL.The oil degradation rate reached 56.31% after 75 d bioremediation under above condition.The physicochemical properties and microbiological characteristics of the soil were significant changed at different stages of bioremediation,the urease,dehydrogenase activities decreased and catalase activity increased.The four components separation test and simulation distillation experiments for oil sample from oil polluted soil after bioremediation showed that the degradation ability order of the hydrocarbon components by microbe from high to low was saturated,aromatic,resin and asphaltene.The short chain n-alkanes（C12-C14） were first degraded by bacteria,which could not be detected after 70 d degradation.The GC peak shape of n-alkanes changed greatly,from symmetrical to ＂left slow,right steep＂,and the relative content of isoparaffin increased,the base line of GC was significantly elevated.
出处
《石油学报（石油加工）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第4期696-704,共9页
Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)
基金
中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目(2008D-4704-2)
中国石油大学优秀博士学位论文培育资助项目(2009)资助
关键词
石油污染土壤
生物修复
土壤理化性质
微生物学特性
模拟蒸馏
oil contaminated soil
bio-remediation
soil physicochemical properties
microbiological characteristics
simulated distillation
作者简介
通讯联系人：赵东风，教授，博士，从事环境工程研究；E—mail：zhaodf@vip．sina．com
