摘要
Myanmar(缅甸),即以前的Burma,是一个农业国家。农业是整个国家经济的重要组成部分,其独特的气候适宜多种作物生长。缅甸主要的农业研究中心从属于农业和灌溉部(Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation,MOAI)、科学和技术部(Ministry of Scienceand Technology,MOST)及教育部(Ministry of Education,MOE);主流的生物技术研究集中在植物种苗组培快繁、分子育种和水稻γ射线辐射育种、转基因棉花、水稻栽培种的遗传差异和生物肥料等方面。目前在生物安全、转基因食品和转基因衍生食品的管理方面,缅甸还没有相关的国家政策和指导方针。但是它可能从邻近的国家进口种子(也可能是转基因种子)。2010年,缅甸正式成为南亚和东南亚地区的第5个,同时是世界上第29个转基因作物(特别是Bt抗虫棉)商业化的国家。然而,尽管缅甸的生物技术工作已经开展了十年之久,但是训练有素的生物技术人员、当地和国际之间的交流合作和良好的科研体系仍需改善。
Myanmar,formerly known as Burma,is an agricultural country and the economy of the whole country heavily relies on the agricultural sector.The two distinct agro-eco climates allow the country to cultivate different crops throughout the year.The main agricultural research centers are under Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation（MOAI）,Ministry of Science and Technology and Ministry of Education.Current biotechnology researches focus on plant micropropagation,molecular breeding and breeding of rice by Gamma radiation,transgenic cotton research,genetic diversity of Myanmar rice cultivars,and biofertilizers.Although Myanmar at the moment does not yet have national policy on biosafety,guidelines or regulatory controls on the imports of GM food or food products,it is possible to import seeds（also possible the GM seeds） from neighboring countries.In 2010,Myanmar has officially become the fifth country in South and South East Asia,and the 29th country in the world to commercialize biotech crops（especially the long staple insect resistant Bt cotton）.Overall,as biotechnology have been established for last decade in Myanmar,well-trained biotechnologists,research collaboration locally and internationally,well-organized network are still needed to improve.
出处
《生物技术进展》
2012年第3期217-220,共4页
Current Biotechnology
关键词
缅甸
生物技术
研究
应用
Myanmar
biotechnology
research
application
作者简介
May Sandar Kyaing，缅甸留学生，博士，主要从事植物基因工程研究。E-mail：maysandar1207@gmail．com
