摘要
神府东胜煤田是我国探明储量最大的煤田,在开发建设过程中产生了大量的扰动地面,造成了严重的矿区水土流失。为了科学地预测和治理矿区扰动地面的水土流失,采用野外人工模拟降雨试验对神府东胜煤田扰动地面的侵蚀产沙过程进行模拟,深入探讨其侵蚀产沙、产流特征。结果表明:降雨强度是影响扰动地面产流时间的主要因素,产流时间与降雨强度呈负幂函数相关;在试验条件限定的范围内,入渗率随降雨强度和坡度的增大均呈先增大后稳定的趋势,但坡度对其影响较弱;径流率随降雨强度和坡度的增大均呈幂函数增大,且相关系数较高;径流含沙量和侵蚀速率均与降雨强度呈幂函数相关,但相关系数不高;径流量与降雨强度呈很好的线性相关;产沙量与径流量呈幂函数相关,且相关系数较高。
Shenfu-Dongsheng coalfield has the largest proven reserves of coal in China.However,the exploitation of the Shenfu-Dongsheng coalfield badly disturbed the ground,which caused severely soil and water erosion.A field rainfall experiment on soil erosion,sediment yield and runoff yield on the disturbed lands was conducted to provide scientific date for predicting and controlling soil and water loss on the disturbed lands.Results indicated that rainfall intensity was a major impact factor in the runoff generation time,with the increase of rainfall intensity,the runoff generation time of disturbed lands decreased with the negative power function distribution range.Infiltration rate increased and then stabled with the increase of rainfall intensity and slope,but with the increase of slope,it changed not obviously.With the increase of rainfall intensity and slope,the runoff rate of disturbed roads increased within the power function distribution range.With the increase of rainfall intensity,the average sediment yield and erosion transport rate of disturbed roads increased with the power function distribution range.There was a linear regression between runoff amount and rainfall intensity,and a power regression between sediment yield and runoff amount,which had high correlation.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第2期11-15,20,共6页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"煤矿开发建设中人为侵蚀机理及新增水土流失预报模型-以神府东胜煤田为例"(40771127)
水利部公益性行业专项"生产建设项目水土流失测算共性技术研究"(201001036)
"工程开挖面与堆积体水土流失测算技术研究"(201201048)
黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室专项(10502-T1)
关键词
神府东胜煤田
扰动地面
野外降雨试验
径流量
产沙量
Shenfu-Dongsheng coalfield
disturbed lands
field rainfall experiment
runoff amount
sediment yield
作者简介
李宏伟（1986-）．男，硕士研究生，主要从枣开发建设项目水土保持研究。E—mail：lihongwei369909548@126．com
通讯作者,王文龙（1964-）,男，博士，研究员，博士生导师，主要从事开发建设项目水土保持研究。E-mail；wlwang@nwsuaf．edu．cn
