摘要
目的结合医学实验室认可准则的要求,以国际临床化学联合会(IFCC)和美国病理家协会(CAP)质量指标为基础,建立适合我国医学实验室的质量指标模型。方法以CAP的数据收集方法为依据,设计适合于手工方法和不同信息系统通用的数据采集表格;采用《临床实验室质量管理与控制指标及数据采集分析软件》,对所收集的实验室内及实验室间的质量指标数据进行汇总、分析、处理和存档,并实现自动化和标准化。结果建立的质量指标模型中共有100个指标,按用途可划分为通用指标85项、专业特异指标15项;按整个检测流程划分,又可将通用指标分为分析前质量指标25项、分析中质量指标30项、分析后质量指标26项、安全管理指标4项。质量指标模型中设置了哨兵指标13项,并制定了质量指标使用流程。结论医学实验室可根据本实验室的具体情况,从本研究设计的质量指标模型中选择适合的质量指标进行监测,从而识别易造成患者危害的风险因素,有效减少医疗差错的发生,实现临床实验室间信息资源共享,评估和追踪临床实验室改进活动的效果。
Objective To establish a model for quality indicators suitable for clinical laboratories in China on the basis of International Federation of Clinical Chemistry （IFCC） , CAP quality indicators （QIs） and international accreditation checklists. Methods A set of standardized and general forms for QI data collection was explored. The forms were applicable for manual and automated data collection from different laboratory information systems. QI data could be summarized, analyzed and filed by a QI data analysis software. Results The QI model consisted of 100 QIs which included 85 general QIs and 15 section specific QIs. The general QIs in the model were di- vided into 25 pre-analytical QIs, 30 analytical QIs, 26 post-analytical QIs and 4 QIs pertinent to safety management. The usage of QIs was also designed. Conclusion QIs in the model could be selected by clinical laboratories to identify the risks that led to errors resul- ting harm for patients, eliminate medical errors, share the information among clinical laboratories, and monitor and evaluate the im- provements of laboratory activities.
出处
《临床检验杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第2期103-110,共8页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
基金
国家科技支撑计划--第三方医学检验服务支撑平台(2012BAH24F04)
关键词
患者安全
实验室差错
质量指标模型
哨兵指标
质量规范
safety for patient
laboratory errors
model of quality indicators
sentinel indicators
quality standard
作者简介
周睿，1973年生，女，主管技师，大学本科，主要从事基础血液和体液、实验室标准化研究。
通信作者：王清涛，主任技师，教授，博士研究生导师，E-mail：wqt36@163．com
