摘要
记录了南昌动物园l雄1雌2只扭角羚的发情、交配、分娩、哺育等一系列繁殖行为,并与其栖息地野外行为习性进行了比较,为动物园在扭角羚的异地保护中制定科学的管理、营养及展出策略提供了必要的依据。观察结果显示:与野生扭角羚的行为相比,一方面圈养扭角羚基本保持了其野生状态下的繁殖行为习性,如雌性表现出较强的母性行为。但另一方面,圈养扭角羚的群体行为比较单调、呆板,如雄性常有强制性的交配行为发生:圈养扭角羚的觅食行为受到动物园食谱的限制,在营养失衡时容易产生异食癖行为;圈养扭角羚在缺少自然隐蔽空间时,容易产生应激而引发亚健康状态,可导致雌性的繁殖失败。
I documented the estrus, mating, birth, feeding, and a series of breeding behaviors of two takins （ 1 ♂ , 1♀ ） in Nanchang Zoo. I also compared their behaviors with those of wild takin. My objective was to provide a basis for scientific management, nutrition, and exhibition of takin in zoos. Captive takin retained much of the breeding behavior of wild takin. For example, adult females showed strong maternal behavior. In contrast, group behaviors of captive takin usually lacked the diver- sity of activities seen in wild takin, and male takin occasionally performed coercive mating. Foraging behavior of captive takin was affected by the diet provided by the zoo. In cases where the diet caused nutritional imbalance, takin would ingest unusual food items. Because captive takin had no access to habitats in which they could avoid disturbance, they suffered reproductive dysfunction from environmental stress.
关键词
扭角羚
繁殖
哺育
行为
Takin
Budorcas taxicolor
Breeding
Feeding
Behavior
Captive rearing
作者简介
第一作者:刘道强,男,38岁,畜牧兽医师,主要从事动物营养与繁殖研究。E-mail:liudaoqiang@hotmail.com
