摘要
为探讨与稻茬免耕油菜栽培模式相配套的氮肥运筹技术,实现轻简高效栽培,于2006—2010年以华杂9号油菜品种为材料,在稻茬免耕栽培模式下分别设计小区试验,研究不同的氮肥追肥处理、氮肥基肥与追肥比例及不同氮肥用量对免耕直播和移栽油菜农艺性状及小区产量的影响。结果表明:(1)在不同底肥条件下,如采用一次追肥模式,免耕油菜均以薹肥的施用效果最好;(2)采用二次追肥模式,当底肥偏低时,免耕油菜以薹肥及花肥的配合施用效果较好,当底肥较高时,则以腊肥及薹肥的配合施用效果较好;(3)在不同供氮条件下,免耕移栽及直播油菜基肥与追肥比例均以5:5效果较好;(4)采用上述氮肥运筹模式,可显著降低免耕移栽及直播油菜的氮肥用量、提高油菜产量。
To investigate the effects of various nitrogen applications adapted to direct-seeding rapeseed on agronomic perform-ances and grain yields in no-tillage rice stubble field,we used the rapeseed cultivar Huaza 9 in plot experiments under the no-tillage direct-seeding and transplanting cultivations during 2006-2010.It was observed that a top-dressing applied during the duration of stem extension increased grain yield under various base manure application rates.When two top-dressing were used during the growth of the rapeseed plants,effects of fertilizer applications on yield formation depended on application date and amount of base manure.When base manure application rate was 112.5 kg N ha-1,the high grain yields were obtained with the top-dressing applied for the stem extension and flowering,respectively.However,in the condition that the base manure applica-tion rate was 202.5 kg N ha-1,the high grain yields were gained when the mid-December fertilizer and stem-extension fertilizer were applied.On the other hand,when the base manure and top-dressing fertilizers were setting at the ratio of 5：5,the high grain yields were observed for both direct-seeding and transplanting rapeseeds,independent of the amount of nitrogen application.The results also showed that the mentioned four modes for nitrogen application significantly decreased the amount of N-fertilizer and increased the grain yields under both no-tillage direct-seeding and transplanting cultivations.
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第12期2261-2268,共8页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2010BAD01B09)
国家油菜现代产业技术体系项目(NYCYTC-00510)资助
关键词
油菜
稻茬免耕
氮肥运筹
产量
Rapeseed
No-tillage paddy rice field
Nitrogen application
Yield
作者简介
通讯作者：周广生，E-mail：zhougs@mail．hzau．edu．cn．Tel：027-87281507
