发展心理学研究中个体定向的理论与方法被引量：17

Person-oriented Theory and Methods in Developmental Research

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摘要长期以来,发展心理学研究主要采取变量定向的方法。近年来,随着发展心理学理论的发展和人类发展个体差异的科学事实的积累,个体定向的方法得以发展并且成为发展心理学研究的主要方法思路之一。个体定向的方法关注作为整体的个体,旨在确定有意义的同质性个体类别或亚组。个体定向的方法包括一系列的基本理论原则,具体数据分析方法包括传统聚类分析、基于模型的聚类方法以及配置频次分析等。发展心理学研究需综合运用个体定向的方法与变量定向的方法。 Variable-oriented approach has been dominating in developmental research. However, over the past two decades, with the theoretical perspectives portraying development as a holistic, highly interactional, and individualized process, and the empirical research indicating there were individual differences in development, the person-oriented approach emerged and gained popularity in developmental research. The focus in on individuals in a person-oriented approach and the goal is to group homogenous individuals into the theoretically or practically meaningful categories or subgroups. The basic tenets of person-oriented approach are presented, and the data analyzing methods including the traditional clustering, model-based clustering, and configural frequency analysis are reviewed. Important issues in conducting a person-oriented research including the validity of categories or subgroups obtained and the match between the theoretical tenets and the concrete methods are discussed, and the researchers are suggested to integrate the person-oriented and variable-oriented approaches in developmental research.

作者纪林芹张文新

机构地区山东师范大学心理学院

出处《心理科学进展》 CSSCI CSCD 北大核心 2011年第11期1563-1571,共9页 Advances in Psychological Science

基金山东省"十二五"特色重点学科(发展与教育心理学)经费资助国家自然科学基金项目(30570612 30970905) 教育部人文社科"十一五"规划青年项目(07JCXLX005) 全国教育科学"十一五"规划教育部青年专项课题(EBA080304)资助

关键词变量定向个体定向理论方法 variable-oriented, person-oriented, theory, method

分类号 B844 [哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]

作者简介通讯作者：张文新，E-mail：zhangwenxin@sdnu．edu．cn

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