摘要
通过考古、文史和动物学文献的考证,对黄斑巨鳖Rafetus swinhoei分布的历史变迁进行了研究,该种历史上曾广泛分布于黄河、长江、太湖、钱塘江、红河、马江流域和台湾澎湖水道,这些区域历史上记录的"鼋"都应为黄斑巨鳖而非亚洲圆鳖Pelochelys cantorii。黄斑巨鳖在台湾澎湖水道仅记录于1万年前,主要是由于人为影响,黄河种群自11世纪后未再有记载,近代其分布区更是急剧缩小,长江中游种群于19世纪末即已绝灭,长江下游和钱塘江种群在20世纪中叶绝灭,太湖流域目前已野生绝灭,红河和马江流域分布区虽未有明显变化,但在最近30年中密度急剧下降,野生种群濒临灭绝。建议重点在红河流域开展研究和保护工作。红河与钱塘江之间是否有分布仍存疑问,需要进一步研究。
The change of historical distribution of Rafetus swinhoei is reviewed by the archaeological, literary and zoological records. The ＂Yuan＂ （pinyin） has been the Chinese common name of Pelochelys cantorii, but the historical records on ＂Yuan＂ which occurred widely among Yellow River, Yangtze River, Tai Lake, Qiantang River, Red River, Song Ma and Penghu Channel of Taiwan Strait, belong to R. swinhoei rather than Pelochelys cantorii. R. swinhoei was recorded from Penghu only once 10 000 years ago. Due to the human activities, R. swinhoei have never been record since 11th century from Yellow River, and vanished since the end of 19th century from Middle Yangtze River and since the middle period of 20th century from Lower Yangtze River and Qiantang River. The population of Tai Lake is extinct in the wild now. Only a few individuals remain in Red River and Song Ma, but the density declined remarkably in recent 30 years and is being the brink of extinction. We suggest the high priority of study and protect in the Red River and further research on the distribution gap between Red River and Qiantang River.
出处
《动物分类学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第4期919-924,共6页
Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金重大国际合作项目(30910103916)资助
关键词
黄斑巨鳖
历史记录
分布变迁
现状
Rafetus swinhoei
distribution
historical records
present status.
作者简介
通讯作者，E-mail：haitao．ski@263．net
