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控制性降压对耐乐品椎管内麻醉下老年患者膝关节置换术的应用研究 被引量:3

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摘要 目的探讨控制性降压对椎管内麻醉下老年患者膝关节表面人工置换术的可行性及应用管理,旨在减少膝关节表面置换术中的出血量和缩短手术时间。方法选择我院2008年1月-2010年12月在腰硬联合麻醉下拟施行膝关节置换术的ASAⅡ~Ⅲ级病人85例,随机分为两组,A组为对照组,辅用咪达唑仑2mg,术中必要时重复静注,不加用其他降压措施;B组为观察组,辅用剂量为25~75μg·kg^-1·min^-1的丙泊酚,和少量芬太尼0.75μg·kg^-1,应用开始泵注剂量为0.5μg·kg^-1·min。的硝酸甘油进行控制性降压。所有病例全程密闭透明面罩给氧、监测多导联心电图、动态监控左桡动脉有创血压、中心静脉输液和测压、脉氧饱和度、经鼻呼气末CO2分压和波形、记录出血量和尿量。术中预先适时补液扩容。两组必要时按指征使用血管活性药和/或加快输入晶、胶体。术毕统计出血量和手术时间。结果两组均未发生任何麻醉相关并发症;观察组术中出血量由对照组的(626±81)ml减少到(380±65)ml,差异有极显著性(P〈0.01);输液总量由(3230±126)ml下降到(2250±90)ml,差异有显著性(P〈0.05);手术时间由(83±20)rain缩短至(55±15)rain,差异有显著性(P〈0.05);术毕苏醒期患者舒适程度由28.6%(12/42)提高至74.4%(32/43),差异有极显著性(P〈0.01);而尿量差异无显著性(P〉0.05)。讨论只要麻醉管理方法掌控得当,控制性降压在腰硬联合麻醉为主,辅以静脉麻醉方法应用于老年患者膝关节表面置换术中,可明显减少出血量,减少输液总量,缩短手术时间,提高患者术毕舒适程度和手术安全性。
出处 《国际医药卫生导报》 2011年第20期2493-2496,共4页 International Medicine and Health Guidance News
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