摘要
基于ArcGIS的Spatial Analyst Tools反距离加权平均方法,对宜昌市7个站点1960―2009年气温和降水日数据进行时空演变规律分析和空间化展示,结果表明:(1)宜昌市近50年年均气温为16.26℃,1977―2009年变化较为剧烈,各区均呈增温态势;代际变化与总体变化趋势相同,自20世纪80年代后,其高温区域面积呈现逐渐扩张趋势,高温中心由秭归和兴山县西部逐渐转移至宜昌市区,本世纪初气温变化最为剧烈;四季气温变化显著,暖冬效应尤为明显。(2)宜昌市1960―2009年年均降水量为1162.62mm,总体波动性较大,其西南区域年均量较大;年代际变化具有先减小再增加的小幅波动性特征,20世纪60―90年代,降水中心始终集中在该区域西南部,到本世纪初扩展到宜昌市区及其周边地区;年代内降水增减幅度并不显著;降水主要集中在春、夏、秋三季,其强降水主要集中在五峰自治县及其周边地区,冬季则呈现从东南向西北递减的态势。
Using inverse distance weighted average method based on spatial analyst tools of ArcGIS, the paper analyzes the spatio-temporal evolution of temperature and precipitation with daily data of seven sites of Yichang City during 1960-2009. The results show that： 1 ）The annual mean temperature for the past 50 years was 16.26℃. The annual temperature changed more severely from 1997 to 2009 and it showed a warming trend in different districts. The inter-generational variation tended to the same trend as the overall. From the 1980s, the hot zone had expanded and its center had moved gradually from the west of Zigui and Xingshan counties to Yichang proper. The temperature change became the most dramatic in the first decade of the 21 st century. Seasonal temperature changed significantly, especially for warm winter effect; 2 ） The average annual total amount of precipitation for the past 50 years was 1162.62mm and the annual precipitation fluctuated severely. The average annual precipitation in the southwest region was the most. The inter-generation change first decreased and then increased slightly. The center of rainfall was situated in the southwest region before the 1990s, but since then it was shifting to Yichang proper and her surroundings. Precipitation in year concentrated in spring, summer and autumn, heavy rains were mainly distributed in Wufeng and her surroundings. Precipitation in winter spatially presented a decreasing trend from the southeast to the northwest.
出处
《热带地理》
北大核心
2011年第5期469-473,520,共6页
Tropical Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金创新研究群体基金项目"流域水循环模拟与调控"(51027006)
湖北省科技攻关项目(A2010-107e)
关键词
气温
降水
宜昌市
GIS
air temperature
precipitation
Yichang City
GIS
作者简介
秦天玲（1986～），女，山东淄博人，博士研究生，主要从事生态水文及水资源研究，（E-mail）tianling406@126．com。
