摘要
目的了解丹阳市适龄流动儿童免疫规划管理和疫苗接种现状,探讨实现免疫预防服务均等化的对策。方法制订流动儿童免疫预防管理调查表,在项目试点地区调查走访适龄儿童家长,应用EpiData Docment数据处理系统统计分析。结果 3个乡镇政府和25行政村(居委会)均未针对流动人口实施相关管理措施;3所卫生院及其下属14个社区卫生服务站未完全落实适龄流动儿童免疫规划管理工作措施,经费投入严重不足;调查6岁以下流动儿童360名,建帐率66.39%;流动儿童登记率、告知率为64.72%和58.61%,3镇间登记率、告知率的差异有统计学意义;流动儿童基础免疫接种率为67.44%～75.08%,301名12月龄以上流动儿童基础免疫接种率平均为37.54%,且3镇间差异有统计学意义。结论流动儿童在享受国家免疫规划政策上与常住儿童存在明显的差距。必须由各级政府协调多部门共同参与,建立工作责任制,落实工作经费,规范免疫规划服务人员行为,从而提高适龄流动儿童免疫规划参与率和疫苗接种率,实现基本公共卫生服务均等化。
Objective To understand the status of management of expended program on immunization （EPI） and the vaccination of floating children in Danyang County, and explore the strategy of equalization of EPI. Methods The investigation forms were set up and then the parents of floating children were interviewed. All the data were analyzed with EpiData and Docment. Results All the three investigated town governments and 25 villages had no special policy to manage the floating children. The management measures of the floating children have not been fully implemented in three hospitals and 14 affiliated community health service centers, and there was a serious shortage of funds. The registration rate was 66.36 % in 360 floating children under six years old. The average registration and notification rates in three towns were 64.72% and 58.61% respectively, with a statistically significant difference of registration and notification rates among the three towns. The rates of routine immunization coverage of floating children were between 67.4496 and 75.08%, the average routing immunization coverage of 301 floating children above 12-month old was 37.54%, with a statistically significant among three towns. Conclusions There is an obvious gap in the enjoyment of the national immunization program policy between the floating and resident children. Therefore, the authority should pay more attention to floating children and improve immunization service to them.
出处
《中国校医》
2011年第9期673-675,共3页
Chinese Journal of School Doctor
基金
世界银行贷款/英国政府赠款中国农村卫生发展项目(XI)
关键词
儿童
免疫规划
接种
暂居者和移居者
Child
Immunization Program
Vaccination
Transients and Migrants
作者简介
杭纪红（1968－），男，江苏丹阳人，副主任医师，学士，主要研究方向为免疫预防和流行病学。
