摘要
为了解外来植物美洲商陆Phytolacca americana的入侵方式,2008年8月至2010年7月,在浙江省天目山国家级自然保护区内研究了鸟类对美洲商陆种子的传播作用。观察到白头鹎Pycnonotus sinensis、领雀嘴鹎Spizixos semitorques和红嘴蓝鹊Urocissa erythrorhyncha3种留鸟取食美洲商陆果实,其中白头鹎与领雀嘴鹎对美洲商陆果实的访问次数均明显多于红嘴蓝鹊。鸟类主要以排出鸟粪的方式传播美洲商陆种子。在收集到的70份鸟粪样品中,共计分离出1695粒结构完整的美洲商陆种子。这些鸟粪样品都只含有美洲商陆1种种子,各鸟粪样品中有种子8～56个,平均为24·2±9·8个。鸟类传播种子已经导致美洲商陆种群入侵至多样化的干扰生境中,成为该保护区内危害比较严重的1种环境杂草。
In order to understand invasion mechanism of Phytolacca americana,seed dispersal of P.americana by birds was investigated in Tianmu Mountain Nature Reserve,northwest Zhejiang province,east China,from August 2008 to July 2010.Three resident bird species,Pycnonotus sinensis,Spizixos semitorques,and Urocissa erythrorhyncha were observed ingesting berries of P.americana,and the foraging frequency of both P.sinensis and S.semitorques was significantly higher than that of U.erythrorhyncha.These birds may disperse seeds of P.americana by defecating the intact seeds away from the mother plants.In total 1695 intact seeds of P.americana were found in 70 fecal samples from birds,and all the samples consisted of only one seed species,seed number in each fecal sample varied from 8 to 56,the mean was 24.2 ± 9.8.As a result of avian seed dispersal,populations of P.americana have invaded a variety of disturbed habitats,and become a troublesome environmental weed in this nature reserve.
出处
《四川动物》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第3期421-423,428,共4页
Sichuan Journal of Zoology
基金
国家自然科学基金基础科学人才培养项目(J0730644)资助
关键词
美洲商陆
食果鸟类
种子传播
生物入侵
西天目山
Phytolacca americana
frugivorous birds
seed dispersal
biological invasion
West Tianmu Mountain
作者简介
李新华（1968-），男，博士，副教授，主要从事生态学研究，E-mail：Lixinhua@njau．edu．cn
