摘要
为考察不同菜粕和棉粕的水平组合对异育银鲫生长、饲料利用、血浆指标和棉酚残留的影响,配制了菜粕∶棉粕(菜粕与棉粕之和为60%)分别为5∶0、4∶1、3∶2、2∶3、1∶4和0∶5的6组试验饲料,投喂平均体重为5.6g的异育银鲫8周。结果表明,随着饲料中棉粕含量升高和菜粕含量减少,异育银鲫的增重率、饲料效率、特定生长率呈现先上升后下降趋势,其中菜粕∶棉粕为3∶2组的鱼生长最佳,增重率和饲料系数分别为505.6%和1.33,具有最高的肥满度和最低肝体比;菜粕∶棉粕为5∶0组的鱼生长最差,增重率和饲料系数分别为430.1%和1.52,具有最低的肥满度和最高的肝体比。各组成活率,肌肉水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量没有显著差异(P>0.05)。菜粕∶棉粕为5∶0组鱼的血浆谷草转氨酶(AST)和谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活力相对于菜粕∶棉粕分别为3∶2和2∶3组显著增加(P<0.05);菜粕∶棉粕为3∶2组鱼的血浆碱性磷酸酶活力在各组中最高(P<0.05);血浆中总蛋白在各组间差异不明显(P>0.05)。对异育银鲫肌肉和肝脏分析发现,游离棉酚含量随着饲料中棉粕含量的升高而升高(P<0.05)。本研究表明,在配方中菜粕和棉粕总量为60%的情况下,菜粕∶棉粕为3∶2时异育银鲫的生长性能最佳,具有最高的增重率和最低的饲料系数,过高的菜粕或棉粕均会降低鱼体的生长性能,使鱼体血浆ALT和AST活力升高。
An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different proportion of rapeseed meal（RSM） ： cottonseed meal（CSM） on growth performance,hematological index and gossypol residues of Carassius auratus gibelio. Six diets were fed to fish with average weight of 5. 6 g. The ratios of RSM ∶ CSM in diets（the total inclusion of RSM and CSM was 60%） were designed as 5∶ 0,4∶ 1,3∶ 2,2∶ 3,1∶ 4 and 0 ∶ 5. The results showed that weight gain（WG） ,feed efficiency ratio（FER） and specific growth rate（SGR） of Carassius auratus gibelio first increased,then decreased with the ratio of RSM∶ CSM changing from 5∶ 0 to 0∶ 5. Fish fed with diet of RSM∶ CSM = 3∶ 2,had the highest weight gain（WG,505. 6%） ,condition factor and lowest feed conversion ratio（FCR,1. 33） ,hepatosomatic index. However,fish fed with diet of RSM∶ CSM =5∶ 0,had the lowest weight gain（WG,430. 1%） ,condition factor,and highest feed conversion ratio（FCR,1. 52） ,hepatosomatic index. No significant differences among treatments were observed in survival rate and muscle moisture,crude protein,crude lipid,crude ash content（P 0. 05） . Serum ALT and AST activities of RSM∶ CSM =5∶ 0 group were significantly higher than that of group of RSM∶ CSM = 3∶ 2,or 2∶ 3（P 0. 05）;AKP activities of fish of RSM∶ CSM = 3 ∶ 2 group had the highest value in all groups. There was no significant difference in serum TP in all groups（P 0. 05） . Free gossypol content in muscle and liver increased with the rise of cottonseed meal content in diet（P 0. 05） . This study showed that the ratio of RSM and CSM for 3∶ 2 was the optimal ratio for growth of Carassius auratus gibelio. High inclusion of rapeseed meal or cottonseed meal in diet would reduce growth performance and increase serum ALT and AST activity.
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第12期1917-1925,共9页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
上海市重点学科建设项目(Y1101)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项基金(nycytx-49)
关键词
异育银鲫
棉粕
菜粕
生长性能
血浆生化指标
棉酚
Carassius auratus gibelio
cottonseed meal
rapeseed meal
growth performance
plasma biochemical indicators
gossypol
作者简介
通讯作者：冷向军，E—mail：xjleng@shou．edu．cn
