摘要
汉语比较句式有很多种,对其语义及语用的研究较多,但对其结构的解析却不多见。本文侧重分析汉语比较句式的成分结构,解析"比较"作为一个语法范畴在句法结构上的具体表现,并试图理清不同比较句式相互之间的内在结构联系。我们认为,比较句式的标记性词语如"有、像、比(较)、相比(较)"可以看成是轻动词,而表示比较结果的成分则是谓词。这个谓词如果带上主语,复指比较的主体或客体,就可以形成等比句和差比句之间的变换。
Previous treatments of Chinese comparative sentences focused mainly on their semantic and pragmatic properties but paid little attention to how those properties might be realized in sentence constituency and grammatical categorie s.The current study thus investigates this issue from a derivational perspectiv e.It is proposed that the grammatical category of COMPARISON is structurally represented by a light verb such as ＂you/xiang （like）,bi/bijiao/xiangbi （compare）,etc.＂,to which a verbal predicate is a complemen t.Depending on whether the predicate has a subject of its own and whether this subject is co-referential with the sentence subject,semantic alternations occur between affirmative and negative differentiations and between who or what has,or has not,entered in compariso n.The analysis has the advantage of uniting affirmative and negative comparatives into one basic structur e.
出处
《汉语学习》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第5期11-19,共9页
Chinese Language Learning
关键词
比较句式
成分结构
生成语法
comparative constructions
sentence constituency
generative grammar
