摘要
目的了解大学生膳食结构及营养素摄入状况,为大学生营养指导提供科学依据。方法采取随机整群抽样的方法,采用自制大学生食物频率问卷(FFQ)于2009年10月对抽取的武汉工业学院本科生742人进行膳食调查及评价。结果本次FFQ共调查男生341人,女生401人,平均年龄为(21.32±2.15)岁;大学生膳食结构与《膳食宝塔》相比,谷类、畜禽肉类摄入量偏高,而水果类、奶类及奶制品摄入量偏低,男女生谷类食品摄入量差异有统计学意义(t=26.202,P=0.000);男女生平均每日能量摄入分别为2 719和2 453 kcal,男生平均每日摄入蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化物分别为110.8,87.2,393.6 g;女生平均每日摄入蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化物分别为97.3,78.1,361.2 g;大学生维生素A、维生素C、维生素E、磷、铁、锌平均每日摄入量达到推荐摄入量(RNI)标准,硫胺素、核黄素、钙、膳食纤维平均每日摄入量低于RNI标准(78.6%～91.7%),胆固醇超过限量标准300 mg;不同性别、不同学科大学生各种营养素摄入量差异无统计学意义。结论武汉某高校大学生膳食营养状况较好。
Objective To know the dietary structure and nutrient intake among college students,and to provide scientific basis for nutritional guidance to college students.Methods Totally 742 students were selected with random clustered sampling in Wuhan Polytechnic University on October 2009.A self-designed food frequency questionnaire（FFQ） was used in dietary nutrition investigation among the students.Results Pearson correlation analysis indicated that all of nutrients were positively correlated.Collage students＇ dietary structure basically conformed to the dietary pagoda,and there was a significant difference between male and female in cereal intake（t=26.202,P=0.000）.The average intake of energy,protein,fat,carbohydrate,vitamin A,vitamin C,vitamin E,phosphorus,iron and zinc per day reached the recommended nutrient intake（RNI） levels,and the average intake of aneurin,ovoflavin,calcium and dietary fibre per day were below the the RNI levels（78.6-91.7%）,but the average intake of cholesterol per day was over the allowable limit of national standard（300 mg）.There was no significant difference among the nutrients intake in relation to sex,subjects in college（P〉0.05）.Conclusion The college students＇ nutritional status is good.The food frequency questionnaire might be an ideal dietary assessment instrument for college students.
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第9期1132-1133,共2页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
湖北省教育厅基金项目(D20091804)
关键词
食物频率问卷
信度
效度
膳食调查
大学生
food frequency questionnaire
reliability
validity
dietary investigation
college student
作者简介
黄万琪（1955-），女，湖北武汉人，教授，硕士，研究方向：营养与食品卫生。
通讯作者：周敦金
