摘要
我国轻烃资源丰富,是制氨、尿素与甲醇的主要原料。我国现年产合成氨和甲醇近3000×104t,耗用轻烃(折CH4计)近300×108m3/a,大都采用外燃蒸汽转化,其中包括用干燃料的轻烃约100×108m3/a,并燃烧排放出CO2达2000×104t/a。采用我国成功开发的纯氧自热转化替代外燃蒸汽转化,用2m3O2可替代出燃料1m3CH4,免除产生CO2排放2kg/m3CH4,同时将节省下来的轻烃燃料作原料用可增产30%。与外燃蒸汽转化相比,新工艺原料消耗可降低20%～30%,甲醇合成能力可提高20%～100%,减排CO220%～80%,而且新工艺的转化炉体积小、造价低、省去了耐高温贵镍合金材料、使用寿命长。我国近3000×104t/a轻烃制氨、甲醇生产厂,如果应用此新工艺替代传统外燃蒸汽转化工艺,每年可节省轻烃燃料约100×108m3,可用于增产氨、甲醇125×104t/a,减排CO22000×104t/a。我国若在四川苍溪,采用纯氧自然转化、无CO2排放的等压合成甲醇转化制乙烯工艺,建设2×50×104t/a乙、丙烯基地,仅耗用天然气20×108m3/a。
China has rich light hydrocarbon resources.Light hydrocarbon is the main feedstock for producing ammonia,urea and methanol.China currently produces nearly 3000 ×10^4 of synthetic ammonia and methanol annually,consuming about 300×108m^3（CH4 equivalent）of light hydrocarbon per year.Most synthetic ammonia and methanol producers use external combustion steam conversion method.Around 100 ×108m^3 of light hydrocarbon is burnt as fuel per year and the amount of CO2 emitted from light hydrocarbon burning is 2000 ×10^4/a.If using pure-oxygen autothermal reforming （ATR） technology developed domestically to replace external combustion steam conversion method,2m^3 of O2 can replace 1m^3 of CH4 as fuel and can reduce the emission of CO2 by 2kg per 1 m^3 of CH4.Light hydrocarbon saved can be used as feedstock,which can raise product production by 30%.Compared with the external combustion steam conversion method,this new technology reduces feedstock consumption by 20%-30% ,raises methanol production by 20%-100% and cuts emission of CO2 by 20%-80%.Other benefits of this technology include the small size and low cost of reforming furnace ,the elimination of the need for expensive high temperature-resistant nickel alloy and long service life.Ammonia and methanol plants using light hydrocarbon as feedstock in China have a combined capacity of nearly 3000×10^4/a.If all of them use this new technology to replace the traditional external combustion steam conversion method,around 100 ×108m^3 of light hydrocarbon can be saved annually.The light hydrocarbon saved can be used to raise the production of ammonia and methanol by 125 ×10^4/a and as a result the emission of CO2 would drop by 2000 ×10^4/a.If using the innovative technology for producing ethylene by isopiestic methanol synthesis,which features pure-oxygen natural conversion and zero CO2 emission,to build a 2 ×50 × 104t/a ethylene and propylene production base in Cangxi in Sichuan province,only 20 ×108m^3 of natural gas would be needed annually.
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2010年第9期76-83,共8页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
轻轻
氨
甲醇
节气增产
减排CO2
外燃蒸汽转化工艺
纯氧自热转化工艺
light hydrocarbon
ammonia
methanol
saving gas and raising production
CO2 emission reduction
external combustion steam conversion technology
pure-oxygen autothermal reforming technology
作者简介
李琼玖．教授级高级工程师、研究员。1950年毕业于广东省立工业大学．长期从事化工设计、建设、生产工程技术工作，主编《合成氨与碳一化学》、《醇醚燃料与化工产品链工程技术》专著，发表论文百多篇。E—mail：hongxingcancan@sina．com
