摘要
综合前人研究,主要阐述了青贮是保存鲜湿饲料的方法。青贮的主要目的是尽最大可能保存饲料的原初营养价值,并保证在一年之内能连续稳定地进行饲料供应。青贮过程分为4个阶段:好氧阶段、发酵阶段、稳定储存阶段和饲喂阶段;5种类型:乳酸青贮、醋酸青贮、梭菌青贮、萎蔫青贮和添加剂青贮。青贮工艺分收割、萎蔫、切碎、压实、封盖与饲喂等重要环节。饲草的青贮能力,由其储存时的干物质含量、水溶性碳水化合物含量和缓冲能力来评价。青贮饲料质量评价需要一系列技术参数和新的评价体系及技术规程。最后总结出中国北方草原区开发隐喻生境,发展玉米等干储或青贮饲料对于草地恢复与畜牧业发展具有重要意义。
Ensiling is a moist forage preservation method based on solid-state lactic acid fermentation under anaerobic condition.The major goal of ensiling is to keep the highest proportion of original nutritional value of the moist forage which are harvested at a stage when yields and nutritional are maximal.Ensiling can be divided four stages with five kinds of fermentation.The present review summarized how to make successful silage and discussed it＇s implication for grassland management in north China,that is to develop some wet land in grassland region for corn production and ensile it to overcome the confliction/overstocking between animal requirement and forage supply existed in pastoral region in north China.
出处
《草原与草坪》
CAS
2010年第3期15-20,共6页
Grassland and Turf
关键词
发酵
青贮
饲料保存
草地管理
fermentation
silage
forage preservation
grassland management
作者简介
周道玮（1963-），男，山东青岛人，博士，研究员，从事草地生态和草地农牧业研究。E—mail：zhoudaowei@heigae．ac．cn．
