摘要
在未来的建筑设计中，遵循生态原则是必然趋势，实践证明摩天楼较分散式城市布局更具生态上的合理性。生态设计的原则是以人为核心，最大限度地提高能源和材料的使用效率，减少建设和使用过程中对环境的污染。在总体布局上，将建筑与道路尽量安排在生态压力最小的位置上。在能源利用上强调被动式系统优先于主动系统，因为被动式系统充分利用了自然通风与自然采光。平面形式以表面积最小为宜，采用方形其空调负荷相对最小，并有利于对太阳能的控制。其服务核以双核布置形式为最佳。将建筑的外墙当作环境的过滤器设计。采用竖向绿化，设置屋顶花园、空中庭园，以调节室内外小气侯。建筑材料和能源的选择要考虑其再利用的可能性和耗能的大小。生态摩天楼一般能节约整个建筑生命周期中20～40％的能源消耗。
In the future, it is an inexorable trend for architecture design to follow ecological principle. In practice, skyscraper has more ecological reasonablity than scattered layout of a city. The principle of ecological design is to take people as the kernel,to raise the efficiency of energy and raw material to a maximum, to reduce environmental pollution in the process of construction and use, to arrange the buildings and roads at the places with minimum ecological press as far as possible. It should be emphasized in energy utilization that passive system may have priority over active system because the former makes natural ventilation and lighting be fully used. Plan layout should lead to the minimum surface area. Square plan makes the load of air-conditioner to the minimum and is also beneficial to the control of the sun energy. The best type of service core is the double-core layout. The outside wall of buildings should be designed as an environment filter. Adopting the vertical planting and setting up roof garden and hanging garden are always used to regulate the interior and exterior microclimate. The possibility of reuse and energy consumption should be considered when choosing the building materials and energy. Usually, ecological skyscraper can save 20%～40% energy consumption of the overall life period of a building.
出处
《世界建筑》
1999年第2期21-29,共9页
World Architecture
关键词
生态设计
生态系统
摩天楼
设计
规划
绿色建筑
Ecological design, Bioclimatic, Passive low-energy, Vertical landscaping, Ecosystems
