摘要
【目的】分析石羊河流域种植玉米的光合生产潜力、光温生产潜力和气候生产潜力,探索影响石羊河流域玉米产量的主要限制因素,为当地的玉米生产提供参考。【方法】利用石羊河流域1980-2005年的气象数据,采用机制法分析该流域玉米的光合、光温和气候生产潜力,并结合ArcviewGIS软件分析其空间分布规律;利用FAO的CROPWAT模型,分析玉米生育期蒸发蒸腾量的变化规律,提出相应的灌溉建议,发掘作物生产潜力,提高流域玉米的产量。【结果】石羊河流域玉米光合、光温生产潜力分别为22 704.79~25 732.44和10 665.73~17 189.27kg/hm2,二者的空间分布规律大致为由北向南逐渐降低;气候生产潜力为360.97~3 947.91 kg/hm2,空间分布规律为由北至南递增;综合分析认为,石羊河流域玉米光合、光温生产潜力处于全国中等水平,而气候生产潜力处于较低水平;CROPWAT模型分析表明,玉米需水关键期为6月下旬至7月下旬,即拔节-抽穗期,此时是玉米产量形成的关键期,应该保障该时期玉米的灌溉用水。【结论】石羊河流域玉米气候生产潜力的主要限制因素是水分条件,要充分发掘石羊河流域玉米的生产潜力,就应在玉米的关键需水期进行适时灌溉。
【Objective】 The purpose of the present study was to analyze the photosynthetic potential productivity,light-temperature potential productivity and climatic potential productivity of maize in Shiyang River Basin,so as to explore the major limiting factor of maize production and to provide references for local maize production.【Method】 According to the meteorological data from 1980 to 2005 in Shiyang River Basin,the mechanism methodology was adopted to analyze the photosynthetic potential productivity,light-temperature potential productivity and climatic potential productivity of maize,and together with the ArcviewGIS software to analyze the spatial distribution of the three;and the FAO CROPWAT model was taken to analyze the variation of mazie＇s evapotranspiration and the corresponding suggestion for irrigation was put forward in order to improve maize yield in Shiyang River Basin.【Result】 The photosynthetic potential productivity and light-temperature potential productivity of maize were between 22 704.79-25 732.44 kg/hm2 and 10 665.73-17 189.27 kg/hm2 respectively in Shiyang River Basin,and the spatial distribution tendency of them decreased from north to south.The climatic potential productivity of maize was from 360.97-3 947.91 kg/hm2,and its distribution tendency increased from north to south;After comprehensive analysis,the value of photosynthetic potential productivity and light-temperature potential productivity of maize in Shiyang River Basin were in the state of medium range in China.while the climatic potential productivity of maize was at a low level.The results from the CROPWAT model showed that the critical period of maize water consumption was from late June to late July,which was the critical period of yield formation of maize,so irrigation water should be guaranteed in this period.【Conclusion】 The main limiting factor of climatic potential productivity of maize is water condition.In order to fully exploit the potentiality of maize production,irrigation should be applied during the critical period of maize water consumption.
出处
《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期211-219,共9页
Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家“863”高新技术研究与发展计划项目(2006AA100202)
国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD88B10)
作者简介
孙世坤（1984-），男，山东济宁人，在读硕士，主要从事节水灌溉理论与技术研究。E—mail：feissk@163．com
[通信作者]蔡焕杰（1962-），男，河北藁城人，教授，主要从事农业节水与水资源高效利用研究。E-mail：caihj@nwsuaf．edu．cn
