摘要
本研究采用事件相关电位(ERP)方法探讨青少年情绪性加工的脑电反应发展性特征。测量并比较了48名分别处于三个年龄阶段(12～13岁,16～17岁,19～21岁)的个体在观看三类情绪图片(积极、中性、消极)时的事件相关电位。结果显示,三个年龄阶段的个体对情绪性图片刺激进行加工,通过主观报告能够明确区分情绪意义,其评价顺序与成人一致,同时,ERP的300～900ms时段从顶枕区到整个脑区呈现和成人研究一致的波形特征,即情绪性刺激引起ERP的晚期成分相对于非情绪性刺激引起更正的波幅;三个年龄阶段的个体在脑电活动的时程上表现出从后侧脑区向前侧扩散的趋势,低龄组个体枕区的ERP活动程度高于高龄组个体,而高年龄组个体在额区、颞区、中央区位置的ERP活动比低龄组个体更强。结合主观报告,上述ERP结果展示了青少年情绪性加工脑电反应的发展性特征。
Recent studies have shown emotional facilitation of sensory processing in the visual cortex and the late positive potential of the event-related-potential （ERP） is enhanced for emotional stimuli in adults. To determine whether the LPP is sensitive to emotional content in adolescence, the present study used ERP to examine the time processing in adolescence and to testify whether the self-reported ratings of valence and arousal to emotional stimulus are covariate with the activation of motivational system in brain. ERPs were recorded from 48 students aged from 12 to 21 years while they were viewing developmentally appropriated pictures selected from the International Affective Picture System （IAPS）. A total of 60 positive, 60 negative and 60 neutral pictures were presented in brief exposure and distinct sequences of every six pictures. For attention concentration, the subjects were instructed to realize a valence categorization task when the pictures offset. The ISI （inter-stimuli interval）varied between 1800ms to 2200ms. Electrophysiological data were collected from the scalp using a 37- channel system. These data were submitted to repeated-measure analysis of variance （MANOVA） with factors of stimuli valence, age, electrode site, and hemisphere. In all subjects, similar to the result of other emotional patterns, the positive, negative and neutral pictures elicited notable late positive potentials in the picture perception paradigm, which started at about 300ms after onset and might be sustained to 900ms. In all time courses both the positive and negative pictures elicited increased amplitudes as compared to neutral pictures in all subjects from parietal-occipital sites to all scalp regions. As for the age effect on the emotion perception, at frontal, central and temporal sites for late positive potential from 440-580ms, the elder groups showed the greater positivity, whereas the youngest group demonstrated greater at occipital sites. The self-reported ratings suggested clear categorization of the emotional stimulus by the adolescents, and the differential age effects from the ERP were also observed. In summary, the brain cortical responses to different valence of emotional pictures show generally same trends in the adolescent group： the enhanced late positive potentials, later in the waveform, which were evoked specifically by emotional pictures. This result implies that the motivational meaning of emotion modulates the event-related potential from early age. That the elder group has larger later sustained positivity may reflect the developmental contents. The results also infer that the temporal and the parietal lobe, especially the frontal lobe closely correlate with the developmental effects on emotional processing.
出处
《心理学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第3期342-351,共10页
Acta Psychologica Sinica
基金
国家攀登计划项目(95-专-09)
北京教育委员会科技发展计划重点项目(KZ200310028011)资助
关键词
青少年
情绪性加工
事件相关电位
晚正电位
adolescence
emotional processing
event-related potential （ERP）
late positive potential （LPP）
作者简介
高培霞，E-mail：kaobaika@sohu．com
通讯作者：郭德俊，E—mail：pro．gdj@163．com；
