摘要
利用田间试验研究了施用氮肥对玉米黔兴2302产量和营养品质的影响。结果表明,施用氮肥不仅显著提高了子粒产量,增产9.59%～23.14%,且不同程度上增加了蛋白质、氨基酸、淀粉和脂肪酸的含量;但不改变直链淀粉和支链淀粉的比值,对玉米口感无不良影响。在玉米子粒中,蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸、天门冬氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、组氨酸、精氨酸、亚麻酸含量比较稳定,主要受遗传基因的控制,难于因施肥而改变;其余营养成分,如清蛋白、球蛋白、醇溶蛋白、谷蛋白、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、丙氨酸、酪氨酸、脯氨酸、直链和支链淀粉、油酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸含量因施用氮肥而发生变化,它们的含量既受遗传基因的控制,也受施用氮肥的影响。综合考虑玉米的产量和品质,本试验条件下,黔兴2302玉米较为适宜的氮肥用量约为N 150 kg/hm^2。
A field experiment was carried out to study the influence of nitrogen fertilization on the grain yield and nutritional quality of maize （Qianxing 2302 ）. Results showed that N application increased grain yield from 9.59% to 23.14 % compared with control （without fertilization）, and improved proteins, amino acids, starches and fatty acids content in grain. Furthermore, N application did not change the ratio of amylase to amylopetine. In maize grains, the contents of MET, PHE, LYS, ASP, SER, GLU, GLY, HIS and flax acid were rather consistent and mainly controlled by genes instead of fertilization. However, the other nutrient elements, i, e, albumin, globulin, prolomine, glutamine, THR, VAL, ILE, LUE, ALA, TYR, PRO, amylase, amylopetine, oleic acid, sub-oleic acid, palm acid and stearic acid was varied with both genes and nitrogen fertilization. In general, applying about N 150 kg/ha fertilizer was optimal for Qianxing-2302 for the purpose of higher yield with better qualities.
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第3期509-513,共5页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
贵州省优秀科技教育人才省长资金项目[黔省专合字(2005)353号]资助
关键词
玉米
氮肥
产量
品质
maize
nitrogen fertilizer
yield
quality
作者简介
杨恩琼（1974-），女，贵州余庆县人，博士研究生，主要从事农作物品种管理工作。
通讯作者E-mail：lingyuanh@yahoo．com．cn
