摘要
对安徽省主要山核桃分布区2008年雪后的雌花芽萌动比、树体机械损伤、物候期以及病虫害进行了调查和分析。结果表明：在皖南宁国山核桃分布区内，随着海拔的升高，北坡雌花萌动比有所下降;树龄为15～55a的成树，雌花芽萌芽比变异系数小；大雪对该地高海拔地区枝桠密的山核桃单株的机械损伤较大，2年、3年和4年生的幼苗没有受到机械损伤。在该地低海拔处，尤其是在阴坡出现山核桃刻蚜和大面积细菌性溃疡病；在大别山金寨天堂寨山核桃分布区内，北坡雌花芽萌动比随着海拔的升高略有升高；大雪在该地仅使一处样点遭受机械损伤，出现在高海拔区域。在该地除少量的蛀干害虫外，没有见到山核桃刻蚜发生，但有大面积的日灼溃疡斑。在两个调查区，随着海拔的升高，花芽开始萌动日期均有所延迟。经历大雪后，山核桃的雌花芽萌动期比往年推迟了8～10天。宁国山核桃分布区的雌花芽萌动比高于金寨天堂寨分布区的雌花芽萌动比。
Based on investigation and analysis of the mechanical damage, female flower germinating ratio（FGR）, phenophase, plant diseases and insect pests of Carya cathayensis after heavy snowstorm in Ningguo and Jinzhai, Anhui province. The results indicated that FGR declined with the increase of altitude in north slope of Ningguo area. The FGR has changed slightly for the trees at the age from 15 to 55 years. The results also showed that the snowstorm caused heavier damage to the Carya cathayensis at higher-altitude area, while the seedlings didn＇t. Carya cathayensis aphis and bacterial ulcer were found in these lower-altitude areas, especially in shady slope. However, in Tiantangzhai areas of Jinzhai County, the FGR increased slightly with the increase of altitude in north slope. There was only one plot has mechanical damage in this area, which also appeared in high-altitude region. There was no Carya cathayensis aphis in these areas, while trunk borer and burn ulcer become the main problems the local have faced. In both of the surveyed areas the germinating date of female buds was delayed with the altitude increasing, and germinating date after the heavy snowstorm was delayed about 8-10 days later than usual. The FGR in Ningguo was higher than that in Jinzhai.
出处
《经济林研究》
2009年第1期34-40,共7页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
安徽省林业可持续发展项目
关键词
山核桃
雪害
萌动比
宁国
金寨
Carya cathayensis
snowstorm
germinating ratio
Ningguo
Jinzhai
作者简介
姚维娜（1984-），女，安徽合肥人。硕士研究生，主要从事经济林栽培研究。
通讯作者：傅松玲（1962-），女，安徽东至人。教授，博导，主要从事森林培育学教学及研究。E—mail：fusong1001@163．com。
