摘要
庙岛群岛的光棘球海胆主要分布于北四岛（南、北隍城岛，大、小钦岛），砣矶岛及大、小竹山岛等，而南五岛极少分布。砣矶岛的海胆多是２～３年生壳径４～６ｃｍ的个体，海胆性腺成熟期为７月中旬至８月中旬，性腺发育与水温、栖息场和饵料等有关。海胆体重随季节而变化，繁殖季节体重Ｗ（ｇ）与壳径Ｄ（ｃｍ）相关，Ｗ＝２．５８２Ｄ２．０３４（ｒ＝０．８７），性腺重ＧＷ（ｇ）与壳径Ｄ（ｃｍ）关系为ＧＷ＝０．０４０３Ｄ３．０８２８（ｒ＝０．８２７３），壳径Ｄ（ｃｍ）与壳高Ｈ（ｃｍ）呈线性关系Ｈ＝０．５２２５Ｄ＋０．０６６８（ｒ＝０．９０７８）。壳径生长随年龄而变慢，２．８ｃｍ的幼海胆年增长２．１ｃｍ；６．１ｃｍ的成海胆年增长０．４３ｃｍ。光棘球海胆嗜食海带和裙带菜，平均日摄食量６．０ｃｍ的海胆为２．６ｇ，４．０ｃｍ的为１．３４ｇ，３．１ｃｍ的为１．３ｇ，幼海胆摄食率较高的原因是因其生长发育快速，活动强度和代谢水平高。
trongylocentrotus nudus is mainly distributed in the waters of the South and North Huangchengdao Islets, Daqindao and Xiaoqindao Islets, Tuojidao Islets, Dazhushandao and Xiaozhushandao Islets etc., but rarely in the southern five islets of the Miaodao Archipelago. 2～3 year class sea urchins with 4～6cm shell diameter predominate in Tuojidao Islets. Gonad maturation of S.nudus occurs during the middle of July and August. Development of gonad is related to water temperature, habitat and feed. The body weight W(g) varies with seasons and its correlation with shell diameter D(cm) during reproductive season is expressed by: W=2.582D 2.034 (r=0.87). The relationship between weight of gonad and shell diameter is GW=0.0403D 3.0828 (r=0.8273)。 Shell diameter D(cm) and shell height H(cm) show a linear relationship: H=0.5225D+0.0668(r=0.9078). Growth of shell diameter decreases with age. Juvenile sea urchins 2.8cm in shell diameter can increase 2.1cm, while mature ones 6.1cm in shell diameter increase 0.43cm in one year. S.nudus prefers to feed on Laminaria and Undaria. The average ingestion rate is 2.6g/d for 6.0cm individuals, 1.34g for 4.0cm ones and 1.3g for 3.1cm ones. The reason for higher ingestion rate of juvenile sea urchins is the higher activity intensity and metabolism level due to faster growth and development.
出处
《黄渤海海洋》
CSCD
1998年第1期32-40,共9页
Journal of Oceanography of Huanghai & Bohai Seas
