摘要
传统文物寺院旅游业的大力发展造成了寺院功能在神圣和世俗之间的转换和冲突。这种冲突主要体现为游客旅游和佛教徒朝圣之间、地方发展经济和文物保护之间、以及僧侣佛法修持和寺院世俗经营之间对寺院建筑空间利用需要上的对立。本文立足于传统寺院内部建筑神圣和世俗功能的空间分异,分析了不同行为主体在不同时间和空间对寺院不同区域建筑的功能变化和要求的差异,将寺庙建筑功能区域划分为佛国象征区、僧人修行区及生活区、世俗接待区、寺庙外围区,并对各个区域的行为主体及行为时间进行调整,提出了一些建筑功能空间转化和管理的建议。
The tourism development of traditional temples has educed conversions and conflicts on temple functions in the way of the sacred and the profane. These conflicts are shown mainly through a series of opposability, such as the opposability between the tourists and the pilgrims, the local economic development and the protection of heritage sites, the Buddhist practice and the profane management, and so on. Based on the spatial functional differences between the sacred and the profane in traditional temple architecture, this essay tries to define the boundary of the sacred and the profane in the Buddhist temple architecture according to the partition of time, space and actors under the tourism ground, and give some practical suggestions on the spatial changes and management of traditional temple architecture functions, aiming to conciliate the above conflicts. Concretely, the spatial function segmentation of traditional Buddhist temples is carried out by separating the temple architectural space into the Buddhism symbolization area, the Buddhist practice and living area, the profane reception area, and the exterior area. In the Buddhism symbolization area, which is regarded as the core of a temple＇s symbolized signification, the most important place of protection of historical sites and focus of the pilgrim and tourism as well, the architectures should be well inherited and protected. The change and management of architectures in the Buddhist practice and living area should focus on the monks＇ demands. In the profane reception area, the architectures should satisfy the needs of tourists and the pilgrims as well as possible and be kept accordance with the unique style of the temple. In the exterior area, architectures for modernized tourism functions could be done to meet the tourists＇ needs, as well as to facilitate the development of tourism economy. As respect to some shared areas, different actors would also reschedule their activity time to avoid the space conflicts. The existing examples have made clear that this change of spatial functions works well, and it may be used for reference in the practice for traditional Buddhist temples under the tourism development.
出处
《人文地理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2009年第1期53-57,共5页
Human Geography
关键词
旅游
佛教寺院
功能
神圣
世俗
tourism
Buddhist temple
functions
the sacred
the profane
作者简介
卢天玲（1976-），女（苗族），贵州湄潭人，讲师，博士，主要研究方向为文化遗产与旅游开发。E-mail：lutianl@tom．com。
