摘要
以根际袋盆栽方法,研究了芦苇(Phragmites australis)、茭白(Zizania aquatica)、菖蒲(Acorus calamus Linn)三种典型河岸带植物根际丁草胺降解特征的差异,并从微生物学角度探讨了可能的机制。结果表明,与非根际相比较,不同河岸带植物根际对土壤中丁草胺降解有显著的增强效应。不同河岸带植物对丁草胺的降解效果存在显著差异,降解效果由大到小的次序为:菖蒲,芦苇,茭白。芦苇、茭白、菖蒲根际丁草胺降解速率常数依次分别为0.0606、0.0500、0.0680。在丁草胺作用下,不同河岸带植物根际与非根际土壤关键酶的活性和微生物特征存在明显差异。丁草胺对几种植物根际与非根际脱氢酶与脲酶都有不同程度的激活,但随后抑制并趋于正常水平,而磷酸酶则基本上影响不明显。同期根际的酶活性要比非根际的高。丁草胺作用后,对土壤细菌及真菌有明显的抑制作用,但对放线菌的数量影响不大。与芦苇和茭白相比,菖蒲根际土壤酶活性和微生物数量明显更高,说明该植物对土壤中丁草胺污染具有较好的缓冲作用,从而大大提高了丁草胺的微生物降解的增强效应。
A pot experiment with rhizobag technique was conducted to investigate the degradation characteristics of butachlor in rhizophere and non-rhizosphere soils ofPhragmites australis, Zizania aquatica, Acorus calamus Linn three kinds of different riparian plants, and possible mechanism was also discused by microbiological analysis. The research results showed that compared with non-rhizosphere soil, the degradadtion of butachlor in rhizophere soil of different riparian plants have distinct enganced effect. And there existed significant differnces in degradation dynamics of butachlor in the rhizophere soils between different riparian plants, Acorus calamus Linn showed significantly higher degradation effiency of butachlor in the rhizophere soil, followed phragmites australis and zizania aquatica with degradation rates of 0.0690, 0.0606, and 0.0500, respectively. Due to butachlor addition,key enzyme activities and microbial characteristics showed significant （P〈 0.01） differences in rhizophere and non-rhizosphere soils of different riparian plant. And the activities of the dehydrogenase and ,urease activityhave were stimulated firstly ,but then were inhibitioned,and back to the initial level, and the activity of the ALP showed no signifcant response to butachlor addition. Simultaneity,the enzyme activities of rhizophere soils are higher than non-rhizosphere soils.The quantity of the bacteria and fungi is destracted ,and the effect to actinomycete is not obvious under pot cultivation with butachlor. Acorus calamus Linn showed significantly higher enzyme activities and the quantity of the bacteria and fungi, as copmared to Zizania aquatica.and phragmites australis, meaning that the riparian paint has a better buffer performance to butachlor addition. As a result, Acorus calamus Linn had greater improvement effect on microbial degradation of butachlor in soils.
出处
《生态环境》
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第6期2201-2206,共6页
Ecology and Environmnet
基金
上海市科委重大科技专项(07dz12052)
上海市科委研发基地项目(06dz22109)
关键词
丁草胺
根际降解
河岸带植物
微生物特征
butachlor
rhizosphere degradation
riparian paint
microbial characteristics
作者简介
陈海雁（1984年生），女，硕士研究生，主要从事污染生态学以及水环境生态修复方面的研究。E-mail：chenhy589@163．com
责任作者：副教授，E-mail：cmyang@mail．tongji．edu．cn
