摘要
简要阐述河流分类的目的和方法,重点对基于地貌、水文、生态、价值的分类体系进行了回顾,按照时间顺序说明了各种分类体系的发展过程。河流分类体系不断走向系统与综合,体现在从单要素到多要素、从定性到定量、从结构到过程、从单尺度线状河流到多尺度等级系统,以及从自然系统到包含社会价值。随着河流生态学实验及理论的发展、多学科的合作以及多尺度数据源条件的改善,具有预测功能的分类体系将逐步取代描述性的分类体系。国际河流分类体系的研究成果对于我国多类型河流的生态恢复与管理具有重要的借鉴意义。
Classification helps us create order out of chaos and be usually used as a means of ordering observation and descriptions. The river classification phase occurs during the newly early stages of development of hydroecology. The purposes and approaches of river classification are simply introduced and the mainly four types of classification schemes, i.e. morphological, hydrological, ecological and value-based schemes, are reviewed and commented. The integration and systematization are the trends of the development in the classification schemes, and the special progresses are made by linking the single factors to the multiplex ones, the qualitative analysis to quatitative ones, the structural features to processes ones, the linear rivers to the large-scale hierachical systems and the natural systems to social ones, etc. With the development of the empirically based laws and finally to the theoretical understanding, and the improvement of the muhidiscipline cooperation and data availability, the descriptive classification schemes will give way to the predictive ones. The preexistent experiences from other large countries with a great diversity of aquatic ecosystem are beneficial to the nationwide forthcoming watershed restoration and management in China.
出处
《水科学进展》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第3期434-442,共9页
Advances in Water Science
基金
全球环境基金海河流域水资源水环境综合管理资助项目(TF053183)
关键词
河流分类
分类系统
生态区
流量节律
进展
river classification
classification systems
ecoregions
flow regime
progress
作者简介
何萍（1968-），女，辽宁凌海人，副研究员，博士研究生，主要从事流域生态系统研究。E—mml：heping18@sohu．com
