摘要
运用关键人物访谈法和参与式观察法,对海南润方言黎族进行了药用民族植物的调查研究。结果表明润方言黎族草医常用的药用植物有282种,隶属于89科222属,以茜草科(13属16种)、大戟科(12属14种)、菊科(11属10种),蝶形花科(9属8种)属数和种数最多;治疗风湿性关节炎、肠胃病、淤血肿痛和外伤出血等常见病、易发病的种类较多,分别为78种(27.7%)、45种(16.0%)、44种(15.6%)、38种(13.5%);治疗方法有内服、外敷(分冷敷和热敷)、蒸熏、酒疗法和食物疗法等,其中内服、冷敷和热敷疗法用得最多,各占125种(44.3%)、108种(38.3%)和95种(33.7%)。叶的使用频次最高,为202次(48.7%),其次是根(18.1%)、全草(15.2%)、皮(11.8%)、茎(4.1%)和果(2.2%)。与中医用药比较,131种(46.5%)相似,109种(38.7%)不同,42种(14.9%)为黎医特有。药用民族植物学知识在交通便利、汉化程度深的村寨流失严重,需要加强整理与挖掘。
Li Minority in Hainan has a long tradition of using medicinal plants. One branch of Li Minorit—— Run Dialect People, who live in mountainous areas, are highly dependent on natural resources, especially for medicine purpose. An investigatiou aiming to dooument medicinal plant uses was carried out for the lust time. Key informant interviews and participatory observation were adopted to obtain information. Ten well-known herbalists from different villages were selected as Key informants. In total, 282 species in 89 families and 222 genera that have indigenous uses were collected and identified. Plant species that most frequently reported were used for rheumatoid arthritis （27.7%）, intestinal tract disease （ 16.0% ）, gore （15.6%） and traumatic bleeding （13.5%）. Oral administration and external use were primary remedies, leaves were part of plants most used （48.7% of the species）, followed by roots （18.1%）, whole plant （15.2%）, bark （ 11.8 % ）, stem （ 4.1% ） and fruits （2.2 % ）. Of these 282 species, 42 species （ 14.9 % ） were not previously reported as having medicinal properties. The uses of 131 species （46.5%） were similar while 109 species （38.7%） were different, compared with that reported in the literatures of Chinese Traditional Medicine. However, it was found that medicinal ethnobotanical knowledge had lost a lot in villages where traditional life manners and custom had changed rapidly. Therefore further research is necessary.
出处
《云南植物研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第2期195-210,共16页
Acta Botanica Yunnanica
基金
中国香港特别行政区嘉道理农场暨植物园中国项目资助
关键词
药用民族植物学
润方言
黎族
海南
Medical Ethnobotany
Run Dialect People
Li Minority
Hainan
作者简介
郑希龙（1983-）男，广东韶关市人，在读博士研究生，主要从事民族植物学与生物多样性保护领域的研究。
通讯作者：Author for correspondence；E-mail：xlnfw@scib．ac．cn
