1Baker K, Aureli F. Behavioural indicators of anxiety., an empirical test in chimpanzees [J]. Behaviour. 1997 (134) : 1031 - 1050.
2Bloomsmith M A, Finlay TWo Merhalski J J, et al. Rigid plastic balls as enrichment devices for captive chimpanzees [ J ]. Laboratory Animal Science. 1990, (40) :319-322.
3Bloomsmith M A, Keeling ME and Lambeth SL. Videotapes; environmental enrichment for singly housed chimpanzees [J]. Laboratory Animal Science. 1990, (19) :42-46.
4Bloomsmith M A, Lambeth S P. Videotapes as enrichment for captive chimpanzees[J]. Zoo Biology. 2000 (19):541-551.
5Bloomsmith M A,Ross S K, Baker K C. Control over computerassisted enrichment for socially housed chimpanzees [J]. American Journal of Primatology. 2000,(51) :45.
6Ross S K, Bloomsmith M A, Baker K C and Hopkins W D, Initiating a computer-assisted enrichment system for captive chimpanzees[J]. American Journal of Primatology. 2000, (51 ) : 86.
1Newberry R C. Environmental enrichment: increasing the biological relevance of captive environments[J]. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 1995,44(2-4):229.
2Frick K M, Fernandez S M. Enrichment enhances spatial memory and increases synaptophysin levels in aged female mice[J]. Neurobiology of Aging, 2003,24(4):615.
3Renner Michael J A,Lussier Jennifer Plebani. Environmental enrichment for the captive spectacled bear[J]. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 2002,73(1):279.
4Schapiro Steven J, Bloomsmith M A. Enrichment effects on rhesus monkeys successively housed singly, in pairs, and in groups[J]. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 1996,48(3-4):159.
5Dukas Reuven M A. Environmental enrichment improves mating success in fruit flies[J]. Animal Behaviour, 2003,66(4):741.
6Swaisgood R R. A quantitative assessment of the efficacy of an environmental enrichment programme for giant pandas[J]. Animal Behaviour, 2001,61(2):447.
7郭耕 程玉.世界猿猴一览2版[M].北京:科学普及出版社,1995.218-220.
8Tarou L R, Kuhar C W, Adcock D, et al. Computer-assisted enrichment for zoo-housed orangutans[J]. Animal Welfare, 2004,13:445.