摘要
针对黄河流域水资源匮乏日益严重的状况,根据国家气象局整编的1957～2001年（45a）黄河流域93个气象站点气象资料,应用1998年FAO最新推荐的Penman-Monteith法计算潜在蒸散量,研究黄河流域水分变化特点,尤其是水分亏缺时空格局。同时,应用克里格（Kriging）插值法生成黄河流域区域的水分亏缺分布图。研究结果显示黄河流域水分亏缺的空间分布格局变化十分复杂,受气候、地形和地貌等多种因素影响,具有明显的地域特点。总体上,水分亏缺由北向南逐步递减,流域北部水分亏缺由西北向东南依次递减;流域水分亏缺在年际间的变幅具有增大趋势,在年内也表现出明显的季节变化特点,春季、夏季的亏缺量比较大,而冬季和秋季的亏缺量比较小,且在不同区域之间存在明显差别。
The water surplus and deficiency （WSD） was calculated with precipitation and reference crop evapotranspiration which were calculated with Penman-Monteith method recommended by FAO in 1990, based on climatic data of 93 meteorological stations in the Yellow River Basin （YRB） authorized by the National Climatic Bureau from 1957 to 2001. Meanwhile, the WSD distribution map of the YRB was also generated through the Kriging method. The result shows the spatial distribution of WSD is strongly affected by climatic and geographical factors, and WSD decreases from north to south in the YRB, and from northwest to southeast in the northern part of the YRB. From 1957 to the end of the 1990s,the WSD presented an increasing trend. At the same time, the seasonal variation of WSD was obvious, being more obvious in spring and summer but less in winter and autumn, and with distinct regional variation.
出处
《自然资源学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第1期113-119,共7页
Journal of Natural Resources
基金
农业部农业结构调整重大技术研究专项“华北粮食主产区农业环境监测评价体系研究
”CPWF-“Conser-vation agriculture for the dry-land areas of the Yellow River Basin”
“十一五”国家863项目“山西半干旱区现代节水农业技术研究于集成”(2006AA100220)
作者简介
史建国（1982-），男，内蒙古乌兰察布市人，硕士，主要从事水资源高效利用方面研究。E-mail：shijianguo2004@163．com
通讯作者简介：严昌荣，博士，研究员，主要从事旱作农业、生态农业方面的研究。E-mail：Yancr@cjac．org．cn
