摘要
针对内陆灌区次生盐碱化扩张和河流盐化等问题,本文以塔里木盆地土地开发为例,首先,阐述了阿拉尔段河流水质的演化过程和特点,通过对新老绿洲灌区土壤盐分状况和盐分运移特征的比较,初步揭示了垦荒导致次生盐碱化扩张和河流矿化度的机制;其次,通过对荒地冲洗盐分定额的计算与比较,初步评估了垦荒可能对塔里木河水质造成的影响;最后,基于灌区次生盐碱化控制和河流水质改善的目的,提出以水定地和多途径排水是达到上述目的的关键措施。此外,对干排盐的作用也做了初步分析。
In order to prevent soil secondary salinization in inland irrigated area and improve inland rivers quality, wasteland development and its effects were analyzed deeply. Taking land reclamation in upper reaches of Tarim River as a case, the interaction process and mechanism between land reclamation and salinization of Tarim River were revealed and discussed. Firstly, water quality evolution process and characteristics at Alar hydrometric station of Tarim River were analyzed, and the mechanism leading to soil secondary salinization expansion and river salinization was preliminarily revealed based on the comparisons of soil salt status and movement characteristics between the old oasis irrigation districts and new oasis districts; secondly, the influence ofwasteland development on river quality was assessed by the calculation and comparison of leaching requirements for different soil salt contents of wasteland at two stages; finally, some practical and effective countermeasures to improve water quality of Tarim River and to control＂ soil secondary salinization were put forward. Feasible cultivated area scale based on water resources and diversifications of agricultural drainage were the key points to attain the aims above. In addition, dry drainage as a viable alternative was preliminarily discussed. In circumstances where irrigation water is limited and convention drainage is costly, dry drainage will be an attractive choice in the near future.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第1期327-332,共6页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(40771097)
国家863计划重点项目(2006AA100207)
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-yw-406-3)
国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAD05B02)
国家973项目课题(2005CB121108)
国家自然科学基金项目(40771097)
关键词
荒地开发
次生盐碱化
农田排水
河流盐化
塔里木河
wasteland development
secondary salinization
farmland drainage
salinization of river
Tarim River
作者简介
陈小兵（1974一），男，山西人，博士，研究方向为农业水土资源管理及环境影响评价。E-mail：xbchen@yic．ac．cn
通讯作者：杨劲松,E-mail：jsyang@issas．ac．cn
