摘要
利用润湿型化学抑尘剂除尘作为粉尘治理的手段之一,有很好的应用前景和发展空间。在分折了抑尘剂抑尘机理的基础上,对润湿型化学抑尘剂进行了系统研究,对比研究了多种吸湿材料的吸湿保湿能力和几种表面活性剂的润湿能力,优选了氯化钙、氯化镁和曲拉通X-100作为抑尘剂的基料和辅料,进行抑尘剂配方研究并对抑尘剂配方进行了优化。在现场试验中,喷洒添加了抑尘剂配方溶液的粉尘含水率明显高于只喷洒清水的粉尘含水率且保湿时间长;在公路碾压试验中喷洒了抑尘剂溶液的公路的粉尘抑制期达到4d以上,取得了很好的抑尘效果。
This article is concerned with the author＇s systematic study of the wetting chemical dust-depressor. Based on the study of many molsture-absorptlon materials and their moisture absorption and retention, and wetting capability of some surface active agents by comparison, this article has chosen calcium chloride and magnesium chloride as its basic dust-depressor and accessories. As one of the basic dust control measures, wetting chemical dust-depressor has been more and more widely used and received growing recognition. Based on the analysis of dust-depressing mechanism, we have determined the moisture content of the dust in relation with the dosage of the moisture-absorbing materials. As a result, we have found that it is better to adopt calcium chloride and magnesiunt chloride for the given purpose, for they enjoy Stronger moisture absorbing and retaining capabilities than other corresponding materials. Moreover, we have also found tbat the sedimentation rate of coal dust can be raised by increasing the dosage of such agents. For example, in the solution of Triton X-100, the sedimentation rate＇can be made to reach its optimal value in some proper manner. Ih addition, we have confected some dust-depressing formulae from calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and Triton X-100 in different proportions, and applied them to our laboratory＇ experiments. And in our Iaboratory experiments, we have discovered that the moisture content of dust for dustepressor can be made nlUCh higher than water, and the result can be height- ened with the increase of dust-depressor dosage ： Furthermore, it can be concluded that Formula 7 would be the best one in comparison with other formulae. Thus, the results of our experiments would contribute greatly to the optimization of the dust-depressor formulation, which can be applied to the field experiments, where the moisture content of dust is sprayed as depressing solution with much higher effects than just spraying water. Besides, the dust-depressing effect can last much longer on the roads than spraying other solutions. In ease of ac- tual use on the surface of the road, the dust concentration can be made to keep lower than 10 mg/m^3 at least 4 days, Which would naturally prove the actual value of the dust-depressor we have suggested here.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
2007年第6期109-112,共4页
Journal of Safety and Environment
关键词
安全技术
粉尘控制
润湿型化学抑尘剂
抑尘机理
配方优化
现场试验
satiety technique
dust control
wetting ehengeal dustdepressor
dust-depressing mechanism
formulation optimization
field experiment
作者简介
金龙哲，博士，教授，博士生导师，从事安全工程和环境工程研究。
