摘要
荔枝和龙眼是中国著名的南亚热带果树。本文分别就荔枝、龙眼种质资源在起源与分布、分类与鉴定等方面取得的研究进展进行了综述。荔枝和龙眼的分类研究大体经历了3个阶段:根据形态特征进行分类、应用同工酶分析和DNA分子标记进行分类。形态特征常常受到环境条件的影响,而同工酶分析可以检测到的多态性位点十分有限。应用分子标记研究荔枝、龙眼种质资源的遗传多样性克服了前述2种研究方法的不足。目前,荔枝和龙眼的品种选育仍然以实生选种和芽变选种为主。为了实现对荔枝、龙眼果实品质和农艺性状的改良,建议在分子水平上进一步深入地探讨荔枝、龙眼种质资源的遗传多样性;同时通过应用分子标记辅助选择技术提高荔枝和龙眼杂交育种的效率。
Litchi and longan are famous southern subtropical fruits in China. The advances on origin and distribution, collection and conservation, classification and identification of litchi and longan germplasm resources in China were reviewed in this paper. The classification of litchi and longan is divided into three stages ： classification based on morphological traits, classification by using isozyme analysis and DNA markers. The expression of morphological traits is affected by environmental conditions; the number of loci that isozyme analysis can examine is small. The limitations of classification based on morphological traits and isozyme analysis are then overcome by the utilization of molecular markers. At present, most new litchi and longan varieties are selected from seedlings or bud mutation. In order to achieve the goal of improving fruit quality and agronomic characteristics, it is suggested that additional studies of genetic diversity on litchi and longan germplasm could be carried out, and marker assisted selection （MAS） could be employed to improve litchi and longan＇s cross breeding efficiency.
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
2007年第4期498-502,共5页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
国家自然科学基金"应用分子标记(AFLP)进行荔枝种质鉴别与分类"(39700101)
广东省农业科学院院长基金"香蕉
荔枝
番木瓜种质资源超低温保存技术及机理研究"(04-基金-04B)
作者简介
吴元立，在读博士，副研究员。E-mail：wuyuanli@126．com
通讯作者：易干军，博士，研究员，主要从事果树生物技术研究。Tel：020～38765869；E-mail：yiganjun@vip．163．com
