摘要
观察了峨眉尖舌苣苔（Ｒｈｙｎｃｈｏｇｌｏｓｕｍｏｍｅｉｅｎｓｅ）花序及花的形态发生过程，并同近缘类群进行比较和分析，结论如下：１）峨眉尖舌苣苔花序分生组织较通常的总状花序分生组织已发生形变和位偏从而导致不平衡分化，形成花偏向于腹部一侧的变了形的总状花序。２）花冠和能育雄蕊的两侧性可能和退化雄蕊相关。３）该种雌蕊早期的发生和发育过程仍保持着祖先类群中轴胎座的系统发生式样，并在随后的发育过程中转变成侧膜胎座。４）做为古热带Ｋｌｕｇｉｏｉｄ植物的残遗种类，该种和异叶苣苔属有密切的亲缘关系，但该种不可能起源于异叶苣苔类植物。Ｋｌｕｇｉｏｉｄ植物和异叶苣苔属可能来自较近的共同祖先，并向不同方向演化。
The morphogenesis of the inflorescences and flowers ofRhynchoglossum omeiense has been observed and compared with its allied groups. Several remarkable features and evolutionary trends have been revealed as the followings: 1) The inflorescence meristem of R. omeiense is different from the normal racemose meristem in its fusiform and ellipsoid apices having been shifted to the ventral side of the axis instead of globose apices on the top of axis in the normal raceme, which has developed a unilateral raceme with only two ventral rows of bracts bearing flowers. 2) The bilabiate corolla and didynamous stamens in this species is probably related to the state of suppression of the staminode. 3) The initiation and early development of its gynoecium has maintained the nature of the carpellary closure which may have formed the axile placentation in its ancestral group. The bilocular ovary at the early developmental stage gradually transforms into unilocular one in the following developmental process. 4) As a relict species of the Klugioid plants, it is close to the genus Whytockia. However, it is almost impossible that R. omeiense has been evolved from Whytockia, but that Klugia and Whytockia may have come from a common ancestor and developed in different ways.
出处
《云南植物研究》
CSCD
1997年第3期265-270,共6页
Acta Botanica Yunnanica
关键词
苦苣苔科
花部形态发生
峨眉尖舌苣苔
系统学
Floral morphogenesis, Deformed raceme, Placentation, Rhynchoglossum omeiense
