摘要
对一种国产连续玄武岩纤维的化学组成、晶体结构、表面特性及密度进行了表征分析,并对其力学性能、耐高温性能、耐化学腐蚀性能和复合材料界面性能进行了测试分析。结果表明:连续玄武岩纤维主要是由SiO2、Al2O3、CaO、MgO、Fe2O3、FeO、Na2O、K2O等氧化物组成的硅铝酸盐系纤维;纤维本体为非晶态,呈现近程有序远程无序的结构特征。纤维呈圆柱体,表面光滑,表面能较高,呈极性;连续玄武岩纤维具有较好的耐高温性能和优异的耐酸碱腐蚀性能,尤其是耐酸性突出。目前国产连续玄武岩纤维的抗拉性能已达到E-玻纤的水平,但是与国外报道的性能还有一定差距,尚需在原料选择和制备工艺方面进行改进。同时其复合材料界面性能不太理想,有待从纤维用表面浆料设计和涂敷工艺方面进行攻关。
The basic physical properties of a kind of continuous basalt fiber made in China, such as chemical composition, crystal structure, surface character and density, were analyzed. The mechanical properties, resistance to elevated temperatures, corrosion resistance and the interface properties of its composites were also measured. The results indicated that the basalt fiber was a kind of aluminosillicate fiber which composed of many oxides such as SiO2, Al203, CaO, MgO, Fe2O3, FeO, Na2O, tal with short range order structure. The shape of the fiber K2O. The bulk structure of the fibers was non-cryswas column and the surface of the fiber was smoothness. The surface energy of the fiber was high and the polar part of the surface energy was the main part. The resistance to elevated temperature and the corrosion resistance of the fiber were super, especially the acid resistivity. The tensile strength of the basalt fiber used in this paper had reached the E-glass fiber level and was poor to some oversea basalt fibers＇ reported on some articles. Research on the raw material and the manufacture technology was needed to improve the qualitative properties. The interface properties of its composites were not perfect which was affected by the slurry＇s characterization and the fiber surface treatment.
出处
《高科技纤维与应用》
CAS
2007年第5期8-13,共6页
Hi-Tech Fiber and Application
基金
国家自然科学基金(No.50503007)
关键词
连续玄武岩纤维
结构
性能
复合材料
continuous basalt fiber
structure
property
composites
作者简介
曹海琳（1974-），女，山东济南人，博士、副教授，主要从事高性能纤维及其复合材料的研究，（电话）0755-26727055（电子信箱）caohl@hit．edu．cn。
